EDWARD J. SFEIR, APPELLANT,
v.
EQUITABLE LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY OF THE UNITED STATES, A FOREIGN CORPORATION LICENSED TO DO BUSINESS IN THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 2d DCA | 1992-02-21
No. 91-00964
LEHAN, A.C.J., THREADGILL, J., and McDONALD, RANDALL G., Associate Judge, concur.
595 So. 2d 971 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1992) Positive Treatment
Cited by 1 case

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Synopsis

In a malicious prosecution suit, the appellate court reversed the summary judgment dismissing Sfeir's claims against Equitable Life, holding that a factual issue exists regarding whether Equitable's voluntary dismissal of its underlying suit constituted a favorable termination to Sfeir—an essential element of the malicious prosecution claim. The court also reversed the striking of punitive damages but affirmed the dismissal of the intentional infliction of emotional distress count.


Holding

The court reversed summary judgment on the malicious prosecution claim because a factual issue exists regarding whether the voluntary dismissal reflects on the merits and thus constitutes a favorable termination. The court reversed the striking of punitive damages because a proper basis for such damages may exist in a malicious prosecution action. The court affirmed the dismissal of the intentional infliction of emotional distress claim because malice is not equivalent to the outrageousness required for that tort.


Headnotes

[1] A voluntary dismissal of a prior suit may constitute a termination favorable to the defendant in a malicious prosecution action if the dismissal reflects a lack of merit…

[2] Summary judgment is inappropriate when the record raises even the slightest doubt that an issue of fact might exist.

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Key Quotes

“Summary judgment should not be granted when "the record raises even the slightest doubt that an issue [of fact] might exist."”

Establishes the standard for summary judgment that the trial court failed to apply, as a factual dispute existed regarding whether the dismissal reflected favorably on Sfeir.

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Facts & Procedural History

Equitable Life brought a civil suit against Sfeir, which Equitable voluntarily dismissed. Sfeir then sued Equitable for malicious prosecution. The tri…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

We reverse the summary judgment entered in favor of defendant Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States in this malicious prosecution suit by plaintiff Edward J. Sfeir. The summary judgment was entered on the basis that there had been no termination of the underlying civil suit brought by Equitable against Sfeir which had been favorable to Sfeir. Such a favorable termination was an essential element in Sfeir’s malicious prosecution suit against Equitable. See Central Florida Machinery Co., Inc. v. Williams, 424 So. 2d 201, 202 (Fla. 2d DCA), rev. denied, 434 So. 2d 886 (Fla.1983).

Summary judgment should not be granted when “the record raises even the slightest doubt that an issue [of fact] might exist.” Anderson v. Rosetree Village Ass’n, 540 So. 2d 173, 174 (Fla. 2d DCA 1989) (quoting Snyder v. Cheezem Dev. Cory., 373 So. 2d 719, 720 (Fla. 2d DCA 1979)).

There is in this case at least doubt that there is an issue of fact as to whether the voluntary dismissal by Equitable of its prior suit against Sfeir constituted a termination of that suit favorable to Sfeir. Of concern is whether the voluntary dismissal of that suit reflected on a lack of merit to the suit, in which case the foregoing malicious prosecution element would be fulfilled, or, on the other hand, did not reflect on a lack of merit or was neutral in that regard, in which case the foregoing element would not have been fulfilled. As pointed out in Union Oil of California, AM SCO Division v. Watson, 468 So. 2d 349, 354 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985),

[i]n order to determine whether the termination of an action prior to a determination on the merits tends to indicate innocence on the part of the defendant one must look to whether the manner of termination reflects on the merits of the case_ In some cases a voluntary dismissal does reflect on the merits, as where the record contains evidence indicating a lack of probable cause_ Other voluntary dismissals, however, are either not on the merits or entirely unreflective of the merits in that no implication of a lack of reasonable ground for the action follows from the dismissal.

Because the voluntary dismissal in Union Oil had been “neutral as to favorable termination,” the Third District Court of Ap peal in that case reversed a malicious prosecution judgment on the basis that the foregoing element had not been fulfilled. Id. at 355.

We also reverse the trial court’s order striking plaintiff Sfeir’s claim for punitive damages. At this stage of the litigation it cannot be determined that there was no proper basis for that claim. See Lindeman v. C.J. Stoll, Inc., 490 So. 2d 101, 103 (Fla. 2d DCA 1986) (“[a]n award of punitive damages requires proof of legal malice and, in a malicious prosecution action, such malice may be inferred from a' lack of probable cause.”).

We find no error in the dismissal of the count for intentional infliction of emotional distress. Even if malice on the part of Equitable could be proved in this case, malice is not to be equated with out-rageousness which is a requisite to the tort of intentional infliction of emotional distress. See Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. McCarson, 467 So. 2d 277, 278-79 (Fla. 1985).

Reversed in part, affirmed in part, and remanded for proceedings consistent herewith.

LEHAN, A.C.J., THREADGILL, J., and McDONALD, RANDALL G., Associate Judge, concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Inez Galvez v. Cecilio Fernandez, 672 So. 2d 901 (Fla. 3d DCA 1996)
    …t in her malicious prosecution suit against appellee. Because the record is insufficient to determine whether the original proceeding constituted a bona fide termination, a material issue of fact remains. See Sfeir v. Equitable Life Assurance Soc’y, 595 So. 2d 971 (Fla. 2d DCA 1992); see also Alamo Rent-A-Car, Inc. v. Mancusi, 632 So. 2d 1352 (Fla.1994). Accordingly, the summary judgment is inappropriate. Reversed.…

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