REMO JOSEPH ANGELINI, APPELLANT,
v.
MOBILE HOME VILLAGE, INC., A CORPORATION, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 1975-04-15
No. V-82
BOYER, Acting C. J., and McCORD, J., concur.
310 So. 2d 776 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1975) Positive Treatment
Cited by 10 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

Defendant mobile home seller failed to appear at trial after receiving proper notice of the hearing date, and the trial court set aside the judgment based on excusable neglect. The appellate court reversed, holding that the defendant's failure to appear constituted gross negligence rather than excusable neglect.


Holding

The defendant's neglect was not excusable but rather constituted gross negligence. The judgment should not be set aside because the defendant received prompt and proper notice, the vice-president was educated and capable, he took no effort to clarify the trial date despite having approximately 60 days to do so, and the case was decided on the merits.


Headnotes

[1] A judgment may not be set aside for a party guilty of gross negligence.

[2] Excusable neglect depends upon all the factors in a case, with greater leniency granted in cases not decided upon the merits.

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Key Quotes

“The precise circumstances constituting excusable neglect depend upon all the factors in the case. Greater leniency is granted in cases not decided upon the merits. A judgment may not be set aside for a party guilty of gross negligence.”

Establishes the legal standard for excusable neglect and the distinction between excusable neglect and gross negligence

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Facts & Procedural History

Plaintiff purchased a mobile home from defendant and sued for negligent damage during delivery. Defendant's vice-president, a college graduate acting …

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Opinion of the Court
MILLS, Judge.

MILLS, Judge.

Plaint'iff-appellant sued defendant-appellee alleging that he bought a mobile home from defendant which was negligently damaged by defendant while being delivered to him. Defendant, through its vice-president, filed an answer denying the alleged negligence and damages.1 Approximately sixty days before the non-jury trial date, plaintiff’s attorney mailed notice of the date, time and place of the final hearing to defendant. Defendant did not have an attorney. No one appeared on defendant’s behalf at the trial. After hearing the testimony adduced on plaintiff’s behalf and examining plaintiff’s witnesses, the trial court rendered a judgment in favor of plaintiff for $4,300.00 plus costs.

Defendant then employed an attorney who filed a motion to vacate the judgment and grant a new trial to defendant on the ground that defendant’s neglect in failing to appear at the trial was excusable. At the hearing on the motion, defendant’s vice-president stated that though he received the notice of the final hearing which set forth the date, time and place, the phrase “or as soon thereafter as counsel may be heard,” which followed immediately thereafter, misled him. He thought that the court would notify him when and where the trial would be held. However, he took no action to determine the trial date by communicating with the court, its clerk or plaintiff’s attorney.

The trial court granted defendant’s motion to vacate and for a new trial on the ground that defendant’s representative was inapt in court procedure. Plaintiff has appealed from this order. Once again, defendant has neither employed an attorney nor appeared before the court.

The issue raised by this appeal is whether the facts and circumstances in this case constituted excusable neglect. We are of the opinion they do not and reverse.

The precise circumstances constituting excusable neglect depend upon all the factors in the case. Greater leniency is granted in cases not decided upon the merits. A judgment may not be set aside for a party guilty of gross negligence. Florida Investment Enterprises, Inc., et al. v. Kentucky Company, Inc., 160 So. 2d 733 (Fla.App.1964).

The defendant chose not to employ an attorney to represent it in the trial court. Instead, its vice-president represented it and filed an answer on its behalf. The vice-president was a college graduate. He acknowledged receipt of the notice of final hearing, and though admitting it set forth the date, time and place of the final hearing, stated that he was misled by the phrase “or as soon thereafter as counsel may be heard”. The vice-president thought this meant that the court would inform him of the trial date, but made no further effort to communicate with the court, its clerk or plaintiff’s attorney concerning the trial date. After a non-jury trial at which considerable testimony was adduced by plaintiff, the trial court participating in the examination of the witnesses, the trial court rendered judgment for the plaintiff.

The case was decided on the merits after prompt and proper notice of the final hearing to defendant. Though defendant’s vice-president stated he was misled by the language following the date, time and place of final hearing, he made no effort to determine the trial date though he had approximately sixty days within which to do so. These factors do not constitute excusable neglect. In fact, they show gross negligence on defendant’s part.

Reversed and remanded with directions to reinstate the final judgment.

BOYER, Acting C. J., and McCORD, J., concur. . Though not urged in either the trial court or here, we should point out that a corporate official may not sign a pleading for the corporation, as a corporation is prohibited from the practice of law. Nicholson Supply Co. v. First Federal Savings and Loan Association, 184 So. 2d 438 (Fla.App.1966).


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Citator

Cited By

  • Szteinbaum v. Kaes Inversiones y Valores, 476 So. 2d 247 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985)
    …v. First Georgia Bank, 362 So. 2d 967 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978), the court merely affirmed the trial court’s ruling prohibiting the sole shareholder of the defendant corporation from conducting the defense. See also Angelini v. Mobile Home Village, Inc., 310 So. 2d 776 (Fla. 1st DCA 1975) (noting that although question of improper representation not raised by parties, answer filed by corporate defendant not represented by an attorney defective under Nicholson). Cases involving the filing of notices of appeal by no…
  • Daytona Migi Corp. v. Daytona Auto. Fiberglass Inc., 417 So. 2d 272 (Fla. 5th DCA 1982)
    …ay not be represented by a corporate officer. Quinn v. Housing Authority of Orlando, 385 So. 2d 1167 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980); Southeastern Associates, Inc. v. First Georgia Bank, 362 So. 2d 967 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978); Angelini v. Mobile Home Village, Inc., 310 So. 2d 776 (Fla. 1st DCA 1975). In Nicholson Supply Co., Inc. v. First Federal Savings & Loan Assoc. of Hardee County, 184 So. 2d 438 (Fla. 2d DCA 1966), the court denied a petition to amend the complaint for foreclosure of a lien to include an attorney’s sign…
  • Quinn v. The Hous. Auth. OF the City OF Orlando, 385 So. 2d 1167 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980)
    …designate a non-attorney employee to represent it. Instead, a corporation must be represented by an attorney. Nicholson Supply Co. v. First Federal Savings & Loan Association, 184 So. 2d 438 (Fla. 2d DCA 1960); Angelini v. Mobil Home Village, Inc., 310 So. 2d 776 (Fla. 1st DCA 1975); Southeastern Associates, Inc. v. First Georgia Bank, 362 So. 2d 967 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978). Therefore, the partial summary judgment entered in favor of the Housing Authority was void and is hereby quashed and the trial court is dir…

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