THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLANT,
v.
MORRISS WOLFE, APPELLEE

Fla. 3d DCA | 1971-06-22
No. 70-1168
Before PEARSON, C. J„ and BARIC-DULL and SWANN, JJ.
249 So. 2d 736 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (1971) Negative Treatment
Cited by 6 cases

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Holding

The State's good faith pursuit of disqualifying a trial judge tolls the speedy trial statute, even if the delay prevents trial within the statutory period.


Headnotes

[1] A state's good faith pursuit of appellate review to disqualify a trial judge tolls the effect of speedy trial statutes.

[2] Proceedings in a trial court are automatically stayed upon the issuance of a rule nisi in prohibition and notice to the respondent.

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Facts & Procedural History

The defendant was charged with grand larceny and conspiracy, and filed multiple speedy trial demands. The State filed a motion to disqualify the trial…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

On this appeal, the State questions the propriety of a trial court’s order granting a defendant’s motion for discharge on the ground that he had been denied a speedy trial.

The following appears from the record: On January 29, 1970, the defendant-appel-lee was charged by information with conspiring to commit grand larceny and with two counts of grand larceny. On February 9, 1970 he filed his first demand for speedy trial. He made further demands on April 8, May 1, June 10, and October 7, 1970. During this same period, the State did the following: On February 13, 1970 it moved to disqualify the trial judge. The motion was denied and, on February 18, 1970, pursuant to the State’s suggestion for writ of prohibition, this court issued a rule nisi. This court discharged the rule nisi in prohibition effective April 15, 1970, and the State took certiorari to the Supreme Court on April 29, 1970. The Supreme Court granted the writ, heard argument on the merits, and ultimately refused to quash the opinion of this court by action which was final September 14, 1970. On September 22, 1970, the appellee moved for discharge on the ground he was not granted a speedy trial. After hearing on the motion, the trial court entered the order appealed.

*737The State, by its prohibition proceedings, sought [on behalf of the citizens of this county] to secure a transfer of the cause from a trial judge whom it considered disqualified to consider the cause. This court found that the suggestion made a prima fa-cie case; otherwise it could not have issued the rule nisi. See: Rule 4.5, subd. d(2), Florida Appellate Rules, 32 F.S.A. And, upon issuance of the rule nisi all proceedings in the trial court were stayed. See: Rule 4.5, subd. d(2), Forida Appellate Rules.1 Following a final decision by this court, reported in State ex rel. Gerstein v. Stedman, Fla.App.1970, 233 So.2d 142, the rule nisi was discharged. Within fifteen days of the effective date of this court’s decision, a petition for writ of certiorari to review same was filed in the Supreme Court of Florida. Pursuant to the provisions of the applicable rules of appellate procedure, an automatic stay was issued in this court and in the trial court. See: Rule 4.5, subd. c(6), Florida Appellate Rules.2 Thereafter, the Supreme Court granted the petition for writ of cer-tiorari, considered the cause on the merits, and rendered a decision adverse to the State which became final on September 14, 1970 and is reported in State ex rel. Ger-stein v. Stedman, Fla.1970, 238 So.2d 615. Obviously the trial court could not have tried the appellee upon his demands for speedy trial during the interval between the issuance of this court’s rule nisi and the final determination of the certiorari proceedings in the Supreme Court.

The appellee contends that notwithstanding this lack of ability to try him during this period because the delay was not occasioned by the two exceptions in the statute, to wit: “* * * the attendance of the witnesses is not prevented by himself, and he has filed no pleading seeking a continuance.” and that therefore he should not lose his right to be discharged because of the affirmative action by the State in seeking to disqualify what it considered to be a trial judge who was under an impediment to hear the cause. We hold to the contrary.

It was incumbent upon the prosecuting attorneys to secure [for the benefit of society as a whole] an impartial judge and, as long as they were pursuing such a cause in good faith,3 we hold that their action may and does toll the effect of the statute in the instant case. Compare Kelly v. State ex rel. Morgan, Fla.1951, 54 So.2d 431; State v. Cook, Fla.App.1967, 201 So. 2d 769, cert, denied Fla., 211 So.2d 211; State v. Carroll, Fla.App. 1970, 240 So.2d 205; Woodward v. Edwards, Fla.App.1970, 244 So.2d 438. To hold otherwise would put prosecuting officials of a criminal court on the horns of a dilemma, when they had good reason to believe that a particular trial judge should not consider a certain criminal cause. They would either have to abandon the effort to secure an impartial judge or run the risk [if they sought appellate review of a failure of a trial judge to recuse himself] of losing the *738right of prosecution through the delay occasioned by the review of the trial court’s failure to disqualify himself.

Therefore, for the reasons above stated, the order of discharge under review be and the same is hereby reversed and the appel-lee be and he is hereby remanded to the trial court for further proceedings.

Reversed and remanded, with directions.

PEARSON, C. J., dissents.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Morriss Wolfe v. State, 271 So. 2d 130 (Fla. 1972)
    …speedy trial delayed by actions of prosecuting officials. Under Section 4(2), Article V, Constitution of Florida, F.S.A., we have jurisdiction. The essential circumstances, background and issue are set forth in the decision under review reported at 249 So. 2d 736. Our construction of petitioner’s right to a speedy trial is limited to a review of our former speedy trial statute, Fla.Stat. 915.-01(2), and we trust it will be one of the last for consideration. On January 29, 1970, petitioner was charged by in…
  • State v. Sweetman, 40 Fla. Supp. 195 (Palm Beach Cty. Cir. Ct. 1974)
    …has often taken a vigorous position in the area of sentencing. Cases which have discussed the state attorney’s responsibilities in similar areas are — State ex rel. Nelville v. Goodman, (3rd DCA, 1971), 254 So. 2d 55; State v. Wolf, (3rd DCA, 1971), 249 So. 2d 736; and Pena v. Schultz, (Sup. Ct., 1971), 245 So. 2d 49. But the argument over whether delay is caused by one agency of the state or another chases its own tail. Whether delay is caused by one agency or another, it is small solace to an accused if th…
  • State v. Morriss Wolfe, 272 So. 2d 833 (Fla. 3d DCA 1973)
    …PER CURIAM. Whereas, the judgment of this court was entered on June 22, 1971 (249 So. 2d 736) reversing the judgment of the Criminal Court of Record of Dade County, Florida, in the above styled cause; and Whereas, on review of this court’s judgment, by certiorari, the Supreme Court of Florida by its opinion and judgment filed December 20,…

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