TROTZ

v.

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA

Citator

Cited By

• United States v. Verdugo-Urquidez, 939 F.2d 1341 (9th Cir. 1991)
  …cide de novo. Quinn v. Robinson, 783 F. 2d 776, 791 (9th Cir.1986). Whether the district court had jurisdiction if the treaty was violated is also subject to de novo review. United States v. Layton, 855 F. 2d 1388, 1394 (9th Cir.1988), cert. denied, 489 U.S. 1046, 109 S.Ct. 1178, 103 L.Ed.2d 244 (1989). DISCUSSION I This case presents fundamental issues of first impression that involve the purpose and effect of extradition treaties, the ordering of relations between treaty signatories, the proper rules fo…
• United States v. Plache, 913 F.2d 1375 (9th Cir. 1990)
  …vilege Piache and Attarian present separate challenges under the attorney-client privilege. The party asserting the privilege has the burden to prove the privilege applies. United States v. Layton, 855 F. 2d 1388, 1406 (9th Cir.1988), cert. denied, 489 U.S. 1046, 109 S.Ct. 1178, 103 L.Ed.2d 244 (1989); United States v. Landof, 591 F. 2d 36, 38 (9th Cir.1978).1 The attorney-client privilege is strictly construed. Weil v. Investment/Indicators, Research & Management, Inc., 647 F. 2d 18, 24 (9th Cir.1981). The…
• United States v. Garcia, 997 F.2d 1273 (9th Cir. 1993)
  …ow that Garcia’s machine gun played a role as an offensive weapon in his drug crimes. We review findings of fact in ineffective assistance of counsel cases for clear error. United States v. Layton, 855 F. 2d 1388, 1416 (9th Cir.1988), cert. denied, 489 U.S. 1046, 109 S.Ct. 1178, 103 L.Ed.2d 244 (1989). Whether the facts suffice to establish ineffective assistance is a question of law reviewed de novo. Id. To .establish ineffective assistance, Garcia must show deficient performance and prejudice. Strickland…