JARDAN

v.

HUNTER, U. S. DISTRICT JUDGE

Citator

Cited By (28 total)

• In re Japanese Elec. Prods. Antitrust Litig. (D.C. MDL No. 189). Zenith Radio Corp. v. Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., Ltd., 723 F.2d 238 (3d Cir. 1983)
  …(D.C.Cir.1980) (substantial evidence test); United States v. James, 590 F. 2d 575, 581 (5th Cir.1979) (substantial evidence test); United States v. Dixon, 562 F. 2d 1138, 1141 (9th Cir.) (prima facie evidence of coconspirator status), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 927, 98 S.Ct. 1494, 55 L.Ed.2d 521 (1977). The First, Second, and Tenth Circuits apply the preponderance standard. See United States v. Petersen, 611 F. 2d 1313, 1327 (10th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 905, 100 S.Ct. 2986, 64 L.Ed.2d 854 (1980);…
• United States v. Ghassan L. Ammar, 714 F.2d 238 (3d Cir. 1983)
  …, 1133-36 (7th Cir.1978); United States v. Petrozziello, 548 F. 2d 20, 23 (1st Cir.1977). But see United States v. James, 590 F. 2d at 580-81 (substantial evidence standard); United States v. Dixon, 562 F. 2d 1138, 1141 (9th Cir.1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 927, 98 5. Ct. 1494, 55 L.Ed.2d 521 (1978) (prima facie standard). See generally 1 Weinstein & Berger, Weinstein’s Evidence ¶ 104[05], at 104-52 — 104-55. Appellants contend that the district court used the lesser “prima facie” standard. It would have b…
• United States v. Inocenio Guterrez Perez, 658 F.2d 654 (9th Cir. 1981)
  …rough the introduction of substantial independent evidence other than the contested hearsay. The evidence need not compel a finding of conspiracy beyond a reasonable doubt. United States v. Dixon, 562 F. 2d 1138, 1141 (9th Cir. 1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 927, 98 S.Ct. 1494, 55 L.Ed.2d 521 (1978); United States v. Calaway, 524 F. 2d 609, 612 (9th Cir. 1975), cert. denied, 424 U.S. 967, 96 S.Ct. 1462, 47 L.Ed.2d 733 (1976). Circumstantial evidence is often sufficient to establish the existence of a cons…