PHILIP MORRIS, INC.

v.

SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY OF PUERTO RICO

Citator

Cited By (12 total)

• Ruiz v. Estelle, 679 F.2d 1115 (5th Cir. 1982)
  …1, 663-64 (5th Cir. 1971), cert. denied, 409 U.S. 968, 93 S.Ct. 279, 34 L.Ed.2d 233 (1972). . 503 F.Supp. at 1367. . Id. . Id. at 1367-68. . Id. at 1368. . Id. at 1369, 1372 & n.207. . Lewis v. Hyland, 554 F. 2d 93, 98 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 931, 98 S.Ct. 419, 54 L.Ed.2d 291 (1977). . Campbell v. McGruder, 580 F. 2d at 526; see Rizzo v. Goode, 423 U.S. 362, 96 S.Ct. 598, 46 L.Ed.2d at 561 (1976). . See Dimarzo v. Cahill, 575 F. 2d at 17-18. . Cf. Little v. Walker, 552 F. 2d 193, 197 (7th…
• Turpin v. Mailet, 619 F.2d 196 (2d Cir. 1980)
  …ay not be held liable unless he affirmatively participates in, encourages or directs the commission of illegal acts, e. g., Coffy v. Multi-County Narcotics Bureau, 600 F. 2d 570 (6th Cir. 1979); Lewis v. Hyland, 554 F. 2d 93 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 931, 98 S.Ct. 419, 54 L.Ed.2d 291 (1977); Kostka v. Hogg, 560 F. 2d 37 (1st Cir. 1977), others have permitted recovery if the supervisor’s failure to act is blameworthy. See, Little v. Walker, 552 F. 2d 193 (7th Cir. 1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 932, 9…
• Black v. Stephens, 662 F.2d 181 (3d Cir. 1981)
  …ode, 423 U.S. 362, 96 S.Ct. 598, 46 L.Ed.2d 561 (1976), the Supreme Court articulated the standard governing liability of municipal officials for police misconduct. As this court observed in Lewis v. Hyland, 554 F. 2d 93, 98 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 931, 98 S.Ct. 419, 54 L.Ed.2d 291 (1977), Rizzo “was aimed at the failure of plaintiffs to prove the existence of an unconstitutional policy or plan adopted and enforced by the official defendants. Throughout, the Court emphasized the complete absence o…

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