MILEAGE REALTY CO., INC., A NEW YORK CORPORATION AUTHORIZED TO DO BUSINESS IN THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLANT,
v.
MIAMI PARKING GARAGE, INC., A FLORIDA CORPORATION, APPELLEE

Fla. 3d DCA | 1962-11-13
No. 62-38
Before HORTON, CARROLL and HENDRY, JJ.
146 So. 2d 403 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (1962) Negative Treatment
Cited by 23 cases

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Synopsis

Mileage Realty leased a parking garage property and agreed to pay 50% of net profits as rental. The trial court held that ground rent and property taxes could not be deducted from gross profits in calculating net profits owed, resulting in a $57,153.34 judgment against Mileage and forfeiture of its $100,000 security deposit. The appellate court reversed, applying principles of practical construction based on the parties' conduct over four years.


Holding

The court reversed, holding that while the lease formula does not explicitly reference ground rent and tax deductions, the tenor of the lease as a whole does not exclude them, and the appellee's failure to object to four years of accounting reports showing these deductions constitutes a practical construction by the parties that is reasonable and not at variance with correct legal interpretation principles.


Key Quotes

“This court is committed to the doctrine that where the terms of a written contract are in any respect uncertain or doubtful and the parties thereto have by their conduct placed a construction upon the contract which is reasonable, such construction will be adopted by the court upon the principle that it is the duty of the court to give effect to the intention of the parties where it is not wholly at variance with the principles of correct legal interpretation of the terms of the contract.”

Establishes the foundational rule of practical construction that the court applied to reverse the lower court's decision

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Facts & Procedural History

Mileage Realty leased a parking garage for ten years under a net profits rental arrangement, paying 50% of net profits as further rental. The lease re…

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Opinion of the Court
HORTON, Judge.

HORTON, Judge.

This was an action for declaratory decree and specific performance of a net profits rental lease. The appellant, plaintiff below, seeks review of an adverse final decree which (1) found that the lease was clear and unambiguous and did not permit the deduction of ground rent and taxes from gross profits in arriving at net profit; (2) found that the appellant was in default and not entitled to the return of its $100,000 security deposit; and (3) awarded the appel-lee a money judgment of $57,153.34 as the net profit rental due under the terms of the lease. We reverse.

The appellant leased the property in question for a term of ten years, assuming the terms of a prior ground lease including the obligation to pay yearly some $25,000 in rent and $15,000 in taxes.1 A security de*404posit of $100,000 was placed with the ap-pellee to secure the payment of rent and guarantee the appellant’s performance of the other covenants and conditions con*405tained in the lease. By the terms of the lease the appellant was to pay, as a “further rental,” 50% of the “net profits” received and derived from the operation of any and all business conducted on the premises, to be computed according to a formula contained in a paragraph entitled “net profits.” The appellant was required to render semi-annual reports or accountings of net profits and grant the appellee access to its books and records to verify the correctness of these reports. The lease further provided that if the appellant was not in default of any of the terms and conditions on January 1, 1961, the appellee was to return the $100,000 security deposit.

Accounting reports for four years of operation from 1957 to 1961 were duly submitted by the appellant under the terms of the lease. All of these reports disclosed a net loss and no payment of “further rental” was made. The total loss over the four-year period was approximately $65,000. In each of these reports the appellant deducted property taxes and yearly ground rent in computing net profit. Appellee accepted these reports without voicing any objections to their validity or correctness.

On January 1, 1961, the appellant requested return of its $100,000 security deposit and when it was not forthcoming, instituted this action. The appellee answered and counterclaimed alleging (1) that the appellant was in default under the terms of the lease by failing to account for profits; (2) that appellant had negligently and improvidently conducted the business on the leased premises resulting in a loss whereas otherwise it would have shown a profit. The chancellor appointed an accountant and directed him to conduct an independent audit of the appellant’s books in accordance with the formula contained in paragraph two of the lease, and render a report reflecting either the net profit or loss for the years 1957, 1958, 1959 and 1960. The audit disclosed a net profit of $114,000 and based thereon the chancellor entered the decree appealed.

*406The appellant contends that the language of the lease and the applicable principles of law relative to the construction of written instruments point up the chancellor’s error in construing the lease as disallowing the deduction of ground rent and taxes in computing net profit, and that the terms of the lease are not so clear and unambiguous as to preclude the use of extrinsic aids in construing them to reach a fair and just settlement between the parties. The appel-lee contends that the terms of the lease are clear and unambiguous and were properly enforced by the chancellor in accordance with their plain meaning, and that any attempt to construe them differently must necessarily result in an improper modification and rewriting of the agreement between the parties.

In Orlando Orange Groves Co. v. Hale, 119 Fla. 159, 161 So. 284, 295, the Supreme Court of Florida said :

“This court is committed to the doctrine that where the terms of a written contract are in any respect uncertain or doubtful and the parties thereto have by their conduct placed a construction upon the contract which is reasonable, such construction will be adopted by the court upon the principle that it is the duty of the court to give effect to the intention of the parties where it is not wholly at variance with the principles of correct legal interpretation of the terms of the contract.”

See also Reinhardt v. Reinhardt, Fla.App. 1961, 131 So.2d 509, 513; Sawyer v. Hime, Fla.App. 1959, 109 So.2d 193, 194; Lalow v. Codomo, Fla. 1958, 101 So.2d 390, 393; Bennett v. Williams, 149 Fla. 4, 5 So.2d 51. We hold that the chancellor erred in failing to apply this rule of practical construction to the case at bar. While it is true that the formula contained in paragraph two of the lease does not specifically refer to the deduction of ground rent and taxes in computing net profits, the tenor of the lease agreement, when read as a whole, does not exclude such deductions although it does-exclude certain specified items. This coupled with the fact that the appellee failed to object to the annual accounting reports which on their face clearly showed the questioned deductions, leads us to conclude that the parties by their conduct placed a. construction upon the lease which was not shown to be unreasonable or wholly at variance with the principles of correct legal interpretation of the terms of the lease.2' Any other construction, we feel, might, under the circumstances of this case, ultimately result in an unwarranted and unjust loss-of the security deposit.-

Accordingly, the decree appealed is reversed and the cause is remanded with directions to enter a decree for the appellant not inconsistent with the views expressed: herein.

Reversed and remanded with directions..


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Citator

Cited By (12 total)

  • Aronovitz v. Stein Props., 322 So. 2d 74 (Fla. 3d DCA 1975)
    …e, but it does act as an inhibition against allowing appellees to prosecute their complaint until the requirements of the statute are met. Payne v. Payne, Fla.App. 1967, 201 So. 2d 590; Mileage Realty Co. v. Miami Parking Garage, Inc., Fla.App.1962, 146 So. 2d 403; Cor-Gal Builders, Inc. v. Southard, Fla.App.1962, 136 So. 2d 244; see 1962 Op.Att’y Gen. 062-112, and 1957 Op.Att’y Gen. 057-283; and cf. Cruse v. Wilson, Fla. § 1957, 92 So. 2d 270. Secondly, appellant contends that a partnership cannot sue in it…
  • Bouden v. Walker, 266 So. 2d 353 (Fla. 2d DCA 1972)
    …is not wholly at variance with the principles of correct legal interpretation of the terms of the contract, Orlando Orange Groves Co. v. Hale, 1935, 119 Fla. 159, 161 So. 284; Mileage Realty Company, Inc. v. Miami Parking Garage, Inc., Fla.App.1962, 146 So. 2d 403; Pembroke Park Lanes, Inc. v. High Ridge Water Co., Fla.App.1965, 178 So. 2d 37. But there are other legal principles which must also be considered by the Court in construing a contract. A fundamental rule is that where the language is ambiguous or…
  • Fletcher v. Laguna Vista Corp., 275 So. 2d 579 (Fla. 1st DCA 1973)
    …compassed $6,926.00 interest ; $248.10 court costs; and $13,-500.00 attorneys’ fees. . Gendzier v. Bielecki, 97 So. 2d 604 (Fla.1957). . Reinhardt v. Reinhardt, 131 So. 2d 509 (3 Fla.App.1961), and Mileage Realty Co. v. Miami Parking Garage, Inc., 146 So. 2d 403 (3 Fla.App.1962). . Doral Country Club v. Curcie Brothers, Inc., 174 So. 2d 749 (3 Fla.App.1965).…

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