CLEVELAND MONROE, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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Cleveland Monroe appeals the summary denial of his Rule 3.850 postconviction motion claiming ineffective assistance of counsel. Monroe sought relief based on trial counsel's alleged failure to assert that the child care facility lacked required signage, which is a statutory exception to drug trafficking charges near such facilities. The court reversed, finding the trial court erred in concluding the issue had been resolved at trial.
The court reversed because the trial court erred in concluding that Monroe's ineffective assistance claim had already been resolved at trial. The denial of the motion for judgment of acquittal was not a determination of counsel's effectiveness in failing to raise the affirmative defense, and therefore the trial court improperly summarily denied relief based on an erroneous factual premise.
[1] A statutory exception to a criminal offense, if located in a subsequent clause or statute, generally constitutes a matter of defense to be proven by the defendant.
[2] A trial court errs in summarily denying a postconviction relief motion if the denial is based on the erroneous conclusion that the claim raised in the motion was previous…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Because the trial court denied relief based on the erroneous conclusion that the claim made in Monroe's postconviction motion had been raised (and ruled upon) at the original trial, we reverse.”
States the core legal error—the trial court conflated the motion for judgment of acquittal with resolution of the ineffective assistance claim.
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceMonroe was convicted after jury trial of possession of cocaine with intent to sell and sale of cocaine within 1000 feet of a licensed child care facil…
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Cleveland Monroe seeks review of the trial court’s summary denial of his Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.850 motion for postconviction relief. We reverse.
Monroe was convicted, after a jury trial, of (1) possession of cocaine with intent to sell within 1000 feet of a child care facility, and (2) sale of cocaine within 1000 feet of a child care facility.1 The evidence introduced at trial included testimony that Monroe’s alleged criminal actions occurred approximately 500 feet from Guardian Angels, a licensed child care facility.
In his motion for postconviction relief, Monroe claimed that trial counsel had been ineffective in failing to assert, as an affirmative defense, that there was no sign posted identifying Guardian Angels as a licensed child care facility.2 Section 893.13(l)(c), Florida Statutes (2009), makes it unlawful for any person to sell, or possess within intent to sell, a controlled substance in, on, or within 1000 feet of the real property comprising a child care facility. A subsequent section in that statute creates an exception:
*1050This paragraph does not apply to a child care facility unless the owner or operator of the facility posts a sign that is not less than 2 square feet in size with a word legend identifying the facility as a licensed child care facility and that is posted on the property of the child care facility in a conspicuous place where the sign is reasonably visible to the public.
In summarily denying relief, the trial court held that Monroe’s claim was conclusively refuted by the record because trial counsel had moved, albeit unsuccessfully, for a judgment of acquittal based on the State’s alleged failure to present evidence that the child care facility did not have a sign indicating it as such. In denying Monroe’s motion for judgment of acquittal, the trial court accepted the State’s argument that the alleged lack of signage was a defense to be shown by the defendant, not an element of the offense required to be proven by the State.3 Accordingly, the denial of the motion for judgment of acquittal was not a determination of whether counsel had been ineffective in failing to raise the affirmative defense.
Because the trial court denied relief based on the erroneous conclusion that the claim made in Monroe’s postconviction motion had been raised (and ruled upon) at the original trial, we reverse. See, e.g., Hale v. State, 864 So.2d 1125 (Fla. 2d DCA 2003) (holding that affirmance of defendant’s drug conviction on direct appeal without written opinion did not serve as procedural bar to raising ineffective assistance claims in postconviction motion; direct appeal did not resolve issue as to whether trial counsel was ineffective for having failed to establish affirmative defense that no sign was posted identifying facility, within 1000 feet of which defendant allegedly delivered cocaine, as a child care facility). On remand, the trial court must either attach portions of the record that conclusively refute Monroe’s claim or conduct an evidentiary hearing and resolve it.
REVERSED and REMANDED.
PALMER and JACOBUS, JJ., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Authorities Cited
- Baeumel v. State, 26 Fla. 71 (Fla. 1890)
- State v. Heyward Thompson, 390 So. 2d 715 (Fla. 1980)
- Quick v. State, 361 So. 2d 692 (Fla. 1977)
- State v. Robarge, 450 So. 2d 855 (Fla. 1984)
- Hale v. State, 864 So. 2d 1125 (Fla. 2d DCA 2003)