ROBENSON KERSAINT, PETITIONER,
v.
THE STATE OF FLORIDA, RESPONDENT

Fla. 3d DCA | 2009-05-20
No. 3D09-543
Before COPE, SHEPHERD, and SUAREZ, JJ.
15 So. 3d 41 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (2009) Positive Treatment
Cited by 2 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

A defendant convicted of drug possession with intent to distribute sought to disqualify the trial judge after the judge made statements indicating he had predetermined the sentence before the sentencing hearing. The appellate court granted the petition for writ of prohibition, holding that the judge's prejudicial statements required disqualification.


Holding

The trial judge should have been disqualified. A judge's statements indicating that he has predetermined the appropriate sentence require disqualification, as such statements create a well-grounded fear in a litigant that he will not receive a fair trial.


Headnotes

[1] A motion to disqualify a judge is legally sufficient if the facts alleged create a well-grounded fear that a fair trial will not be received.

[2] A judge who makes statements indicating a predetermined sentence is disqualified from presiding over the proceeding.

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Key Quotes

“The facts alleged in the motion need only show that "the party making it has a well grounded fear that he will not receive a fair trial at the hands of the judge. If the attested facts supporting the suggestion are reasonably sufficient to create such a fear, it is not for the trial judge to say that it is not there."”

Establishes the legal standard for disqualification motions—the test is whether the party has a well-grounded fear of unfairness based on sufficient facts, not whether the judge personally believes the fear is justified.

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Facts & Procedural History

Robenson Kersaint was charged with drug trafficking and a jury found him guilty of the lesser included charge of possession of cocaine with intent to …

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Opinion of the Court
COPE, J.

COPE, J.

Because the trial judge should have disqualified himself, we grant the petition for writ of prohibition.

Defendant-petitioner, Robenson Ker-saint, was charged with drug trafficking. The jury found the defendant guilty of the lesser included charge of possession of cocaine with intent to distribute.

For present purposes, we accept as true the facts stated in the sworn motion to *42disqualify. After the trial, the court ordered a presentence investigation (PSI) and then asked the State how the defendant scored for sentencing purposes. The State responded that defendant scored non-state prison sanction, meaning that defendant could be sentenced to less than 365 days in jail, or another non-state prison sanction. See § 921.0024(2), Fla. Stat. (2006).

The trial judge was told that defendant had been incarcerated for over two years, which exceeded the guidelines minimum. According to the motion, the judge stated that he would not consider a sentence to time served, wanted the defendant to have a prison number, was not inclined to go as high as 15 years, but was talking in the range of four years or more. Based on this exchange, the defendant moved to disqualify the trial judge. The motion was denied and the defendant has filed this petition for writ of prohibition.

We conclude that the motion for disqualification was legally sufficient and should have been granted. In this case, a PSI had been ordered and the sentencing hearing was not to occur until after the PSI had been obtained. The judge made statements indicating that he had predetermined the sentence, even though the sentencing hearing had yet to be held. The Florida Supreme Court has said:

The facts alleged in the motion need only show that “the party making it has a well grounded fear that he will not receive a fair trial at the hands of the judge. If the attested facts supporting the suggestion are reasonably sufficient to create such a fear, it is not for the trial judge to say that it is not there.” Further, “it is a question of what feeling resides in the affiant’s mind and the basis for such feeling.”

Livingston v. State, 441 So.2d 1083, 1087 (Fla.1983) (citations omitted).

The trial judge’s statement in this case would create a fear in the mind of a litigant that the trial judge had prejudged the sentence to be imposed. Florida’s courts have held that disqualification is required where a judge “has made statements indicating that he or she has predetermined the appropriate sentence....” Konior v. State, 884 So.2d 334, 335 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004); see also Thompson v. State, 990 So.2d 482 (Fla.2008); Dorch v. State, 952 So.2d 1244, 1245 (Fla. 3d DCA 2007); State v. Ballard, 956 So.2d 470 (Fla. 2d DCA 2007); Gonzalez v. Goldstein, 633 So.2d 1183, 1184 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994).

We conclude that, as argued by the petitioner, the trial judge is disqualified from presiding over the sentencing phase of this case. We are confident that in view of this opinion, the trial judge will withdraw and it will not be necessary to formally issue the writ.

Petition granted.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Fetzner v. State, 219 So. 3d 834 (Fla. 4th DCA 2017)
    …luca, 207 So. 3d 974, 976 (Fla. 4th DCA 2016) (quoting MacKenzie v. Super Kids Bargain Store, Inc., 565 So. 2d 1332, 1334-35 (Fla. 1990)). Further, when reviewing the facts alleged, we accept the movant’s sworn statements as true. Kersaint v. State, 15 So. 3d 41, 41-42 (Fla. 3d DCA 2009). The defendant’s first motion to disqualify was facially insufficient, as it was not sworn nor supported by an affidavit. While he correctly notes that an affidavit was filed one day after he filed the first motion, the co…

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