MIRTA HERNANDEZ, APPELLANT,
v.
SECURITY WINDOWS & DOORS, INC., AND FLORIDA UNEMPLOYMENT APPEALS COMMISSION, APPELLEES

Fla. 3d DCA | 2006-12-27
No. 3D06-460
Before SHEPHERD, SUAREZ, and LAGOA, JJ.
946 So. 2d 81 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (2006)

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Synopsis

Mirta Hernandez appealed a dismissal of her unemployment benefits appeal on timeliness grounds. The Florida District Court of Appeal reversed the Commission's dismissal order and remanded for an evidentiary hearing to determine whether Hernandez timely filed her initial appeal, applying judicially-created exceptions to the otherwise strict 20-day filing deadline.


Holding

The dismissal was improper. The Commission must hold an evidentiary hearing to determine whether Hernandez's notice of appeal was timely filed. Although the statute contains no good cause exceptions, courts have recognized narrow exceptions based on fairness and due process considerations.


Headnotes

[1] A claimant has twenty days after the mailing of an appeal referee's decision to initiate an appeal with the Unemployment Appeals Commission.

[2] Appeals not timely perfected within twenty days are subject to dismissal.

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Key Quotes

“While there are no good cause exceptions provided in the statute or rule, as the Commission candidly points out, courts, including this one, have carved out exceptions to the dismissal rule "in certain individual cases based on considerations of fairness and due process."”

Establishes that courts recognize narrow exceptions to strict timeliness rules despite statutory silence on exceptions.

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Facts & Procedural History

Hernandez was awarded unemployment benefits, but her employer appealed. An appeals referee reversed the award on September 15, 2005, finding Hernandez…

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Opinion of the Court
LAGOA, Judge.

LAGOA, Judge.

Mirta Hernandez (“Hernandez”) appeals from an order of the Unemployment Appeals Commission (“Commission”) dismissing her appeal as untimely. We reverse and remand.

Hernandez applied for and was awarded unemployment benefits. Hernandez’s employer appealed and requested a hearing. Following a hearing, the appeals referee reversed the initial determination and held that Hernandez was disqualified from receiving benefits because she was discharged from her employment for misconduct. This decision was mailed to Hernandez on September 15, 2005.

On November 22, 2005, Hernandez faxed a letter to the Commission, which the Commission treated as an appeal. In her letter, Hernandez wrote:

To Whom It May Concern:
Please be advised that this is the 2nd request that I, Mirta Hernandez, has made to the Office of Appeals. My 1st request was made in the middle of September 2005 via fax in Spanish, however I received no response to my appeal. Today, November 20, 2005, I am making my second request. Please contact me at the address or phone number listed below.

On December 21, 2005, the Commission ordered Hernandez to show cause why the appeal should not be dismissed as untimely based on a November 22nd filing date. On January 18, 2006, the Commission dismissed the appeal as untimely.

On February 2, 2006, Hernandez sent a handwritten letter in Spanish addressed to Silvia Maya at the Agency for Workforce, Office of Appeals. In that letter, Hernandez asked why she did not have the right to appeal when she had filed several appeals. She also indicated that she. had sent a notarized document back as requested but may have made a mistake because of her poor English.

Pursuant to section 443.151(4)(b)5, Florida Statutes (2005), a claimant has twenty days after the mailing of the appeal referee’s decision to initiate an appeal with the Commission. An appeal which is not timely perfected within twenty days is subject to dismissal pursuant to Florida Administrative Code Rule 60BB-7.006.

While there are no good cause exceptions provided in the statute or rule, as the Commission candidly points out, courts, including this one, have carved out exceptions to the dismissal rule “in certain individual cases based on considerations of fairness and due process.” See Frederick v. Fla. Unemployment Appeals, 834 So. 2d 957, 958 (Fla. 3d DCA 2003)(quoting Applegate v. Nat’l Health Care Affiliates, Inc., 667 So. 2d 332, 333 (Fla. 1st DCA 1995)).

Because we have no authority to vary from our precedent of judicially created exceptions to an otherwise unambiguous statute, the disposition of this appeal is governed by Frederick. In Frederick, this Court held that the dismissal of claimant’s appeal in the absence of an evidentiary hearing was improper and remanded the case for an evidentiary hearing to determine whether claimant “actually attempted to fax her notice of appeal to the UAC within twenty days from the mailing of the appeal referee’s decision”. Id. at 958-59.

Accordingly, we váeate the order dismissing Hernandez’s appeal to the Commission and remand for an evidentiary hearing to determine whether Hernandez’s notice of appeal to the Commission was timely filed. Reversed and remanded for proceedings consistent with this opinion.


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