AIRTRAN AIRWAYS, INC., APPELLANT,
v.
AVAERO NOISE REDUCTION JOINT VENTURE, APPELLEE

Fla. 5th DCA | 2003-11-14
No. 5D02-3773
SAWAYA, C.J., and ORFINGER, J., concur.
858 So. 2d 1232 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fifth District (2003) Positive Treatment
Cited by 15 cases

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Synopsis

AirTran Airways appeals a trial court judgment for breach of contract and award of attorneys' fees to AvAero Noise Reduction Joint Venture. The appellate court affirms the breach judgment but reverses and remands the attorneys' fees award because the trial court applied an outdated version of Florida's fee-shifting statute, and the court itself awards appellate attorneys' fees to AvAero.


Holding

The trial court applied the wrong version of section 57.105 and thus its attorneys' fees award cannot stand as entered. The case is remanded for reconsideration of attorneys' fees under the post-1999 version of the statute, which requires a finding of when the losing party's defense became unsupported. The appellate court awards AvAero appellate attorneys' fees because AirTran's position on appeal regarding the contract's meaning and enforceability is not supported by law applied to the material facts.


Headnotes

[1] A trial court must apply the version of section 57.105 that is in effect at the time of the actions or filings in a civil proceeding when awarding attorneys' fees.

[2] The 1999 amendment to section 57.105 broadened the grounds for awarding attorneys' fees beyond a complete absence of a justiciable issue.

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Key Quotes

“The earlier iteration of the statute limited fee awards to cases where, as the trial judge found here, there was a complete absence of a justiciable issue of fact or law... The current version, however, now authorizes an award of fees if a party or its counsel knew or should have known that any claim or defense asserted "was not supported by material facts," or "would not be supported by the application of then existing law to those material facts."”

Establishes the critical distinction between the pre- and post-1999 versions of section 57.105, showing why the trial court's analysis was deficient.

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Facts & Procedural History

AirTran and AvAero entered into a contract in 1995 for the purchase and sale of aircraft noise abatement devices. AvAero did not file its complaint se…

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Opinion of the Court
MONACO, J.

MONACO, J.

Airtran Airways, Inc., appeals the final judgment for money damages rendered by the trial court against it and in favor of AvAero Noise Reduction Joint Venture. The trial court found that Airtran breached a contract with AvAero for the purchase and sale of certain aircraft noise abatement devices, and awarded AvAero attorneys’ fees apparently pursuant to section 57.105 (1998). We affirm the judgment in all respects except in connection with the award of attorneys’ fees. Because the trial court applied the wrong version of section 57.105, we conclude that a reconsideration of the attorneys’ fees issue by the trial court is required.

The contract at the heart of this suit was entered into by the parties in 1995. The complaint seeking damages, however, was not filed until May 2, 2000. In the final judgment the trial court awarded fees to Avaero after finding “no justiciable issue, either in fact or law.” Unfortunately, this indicates that the trial judge was applying a version of section 57.105 that was outdated.

Section 57.105 was amended by the Legislature effective October 1, 1999. Ch. 99-225, § 4, at 1406, Laws of Fla. The earlier iteration of the statute limited fee awards to cases where, as the trial judge found here, there was a complete absence of a justiciable issue of fact or law. See Forum v. Boca Burger, Inc., 788 So. 2d 1055, 1060 (Fla. 4th DCA 2001), review granted, 817 So. 2d 844 (Fla.2002). The current version, however, now authorizes an award of fees if a party or its counsel knew or should have known that any claim or defense asserted “was not supported by material facts,” or “would not be supported by the application of then existing law to those material facts.” We have held recently that the 1999 version of section 57.105 applies to actions taken, positions maintained or papers filed subsequent to October 1, 1999. See Mullins v. Kennelly, 847 So. 2d 1151 (Fla. 5th DCA 2003); see also Jackson v. York Hannover Nursing Ctrs., Inc., 853 So. 2d 598 (Fla. 5th DCA 2003). Since this suit was brought and all matters pertaining to the maintenance and defense of the suit occurred after that key day, it appears that the trial judge applied the wrong standard in his determination that fees should be awarded to AvAero.

More importantly, subsection (1) of the post-1999 statute authorizes an award of fees “at any time during a civil proceeding or action” that the court finds that the losing party was raising an unsupported claim or defense. In the present case Airtran successfully withstood a motion for summary judgment brought by AvAero early in the action. As the trial court made no finding regarding when Airtran’s defense activities became unsupported, we are unable to tell from what period or for what actions the fees were awardable.

Accordingly, we affirm all aspects of this case other than the award of attorneys’ fees. We remand for reconsideration of the issue of attorneys’ fees in fight of the post-1999 version of section 57.105. In addition, we find that AirTran’s position with respect to the meaning and enforceability of its contract with AvAero is not supported by the application of the law to the material facts, and that AirTran knew or should have known this at the time that it filed this appeal. We accordingly grant AvAero’s motion for appellate attorneys’ fees in that regard, and remand to the trial court for assessment of the amount of those fees. We deny AvAero’s motion for appellate fees as it pertains to the issue of whether fees were assessed below using the proper standard.

AFFIRMED in part, REVERSED in part, and REMANDED with instructions.

SAWAYA, C.J., and ORFINGER, J., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Walker v. Cash Register Auto Ins. OF Leon Cnty., Inc., 946 So. 2d 66 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006)
    …s is substantive”), and Leapai v. Milton, 595 So. 2d 12 (Fla.1992). The Fifth District has held that the broad changes made in 1999 to section 57.105 do not have retroactive effect. See Airtran Airways, Inc. v. Avaero Noise Reduction Joint Venture, 858 So. 2d 1232, 1233 (Fla. 5th DCA 2003)(“We have held recently that the 1999 version of section 57.105 applies to actions taken, positions maintained or papers filed subsequent to October 1, 1999,” the effective date of the statute); Mullins v. Kennelly, 847 So.…
  • Waddington v. Baptist Med. Ctr. OF the Beaches, Inc., 78 So. 3d 114 (Fla. 1st DCA 2012)
    …4 (Fla. 1st DCA 2011); Sullivan v. Sullivan, 54 So. 3d 520, 522 (Fla. 4th DCA 2010); Eastern Indus., Inc. v. Florida Unemployment Appeals Comm’n, 960 So. 2d 900, 901 (Fla. 1st DCA 2007); Airtran Airways, Inc. v. Avaero Noise Reduction Joint Venture, 858 So. 2d 1232, 1233-34 (Fla. 5th DCA 2003); Visoly v. Sec. Pac. Credit Corp., 768 So. 2d 482, 490 (Fla. 3d DCA 2000). A finding under section 57.105(1)(a) or (l)(b) is “tantamount to a conclusion that the claim was frivolous when filed, or later became frivolous.…
  • Friedrich Wagner v. Detlef Uthoff, M.D., 868 So. 2d 617 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004)
    …The trial court properly awarded Dr. Uthoff the attorneys’ fees incurred in litigating the residency claim because Mr. Wagner knew or should have known the 2002 affidavit was false. See Airtran Airways, Inc. v. Avaero Noise Reduction Joint Venture, 858 So. 2d 1232, 1233 (Fla. 5th DCA 2003). Accordingly, we affirm that portion of the trial court’s order awarding Dr. Uthoff attorneys’ fees pursuant to section 57.105, but only as to those fees relating to the issue of Mr. Wagner’s residency. On remand the trial…

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