PATRICIO ENRIQUE NINO, APPELLANT,
v.
THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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Patricio Enrique Nino was convicted of attempted sexual battery and kidnapping after forcibly dragging a McDonald's employee into a restroom and sexually assaulting her. The appellate court affirmed both convictions, holding that the defendant's forcible confinement satisfied the legal requirements for kidnapping as a separate offense from the sexual battery.
The court affirmed both convictions, holding that the forcible movement and confinement of the victim satisfied the three-part Faison test for kidnapping as a separate offense, and that the detective's testimony about the defendant's refusal to provide details did not constitute reversible error.
[1] Movement or confinement constituting kidnapping must not be slight, inconsequential, and merely incidental to another crime.
[2] Movement or confinement constituting kidnapping must not be of the kind inherent in the nature of another crime.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“[T]he resulting movement or confinement: (a) Must not be slight, inconsequential and merely incidental to the other crime; (b) Must not be of the kind inherent in the nature of the other crime; and (c) Must have some significance independent of the other crime in that it makes the other crime substantially easier of commission or substantially lessens the risk of detection.”
The three-part Faison test for determining whether movement or confinement constitutes kidnapping as a separate offense from another felony.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceOn July 28, 1996, Nino entered a McDonald's, stared at female employees, and left. Two hours later, he emerged from the women's restroom and forcibly …
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SHEVIN, Judge.
Patricio Enrique Nino, appeals judgments of conviction and sentences for attempted sexual battery and kidnaping. We affirm.
On July 28, 1996, Nino entered a McDonald’s Restaurant, ordered a soda, proceeded to stare down two females employees, and left. Two hours later, the victim, a female employee, went to check and clean the restrooms. As she opened the door to the women’s restroom, she immediately saw stains on the wall, closed the door, and retreated back to the restaurant to get something to clean the walls. The women’s restroom door opened and the victim saw Nino standing inside. At first, she thought that he had accidentally gone into the wrong restroom. The victim started backing away as Nino approached her. As she turned around, he forcefully grabbed her arm and attempted to pull her back into the women’s restroom against her will. She clung to the wall until Nino grabbed her other arm and dragged her inside the restroom. She screamed for help; Nino threatened to kill her if she did not stop screaming. Once inside, Nino forcibly threw the victim down on the floor, bruising her knee. He held her down with one arm and put the other arm over her mouth, cutting off her air supply to the point where she became dizzy. He then pulled up her shirt and bra, fondled her breasts, and proceeded to pull down her pants and underwear. Nino began to touch the victim around her vagina and allegedly penetrated her vagina with his finger. The victim finally freed herself and ran out of the restroom with her pants and underwear down around her knees. She was hysterical and explained what had occurred to the police. The victim identified Nino as her assailant. The detective testified that when Nino came out of the restroom, “He made a remark to the effect of feeling sorry for what he did, and didn’t know why he did it, or why he had done it, what he had done.” (R/ at Vol. Ill p. 414).
Nino was charged with sexual battery and first-degree kidnaping. The detective also testified at trial that Nino waived his Miranda rights, recounted some of the events, but “wouldn’t give me any further details.” The court denied Nino’s motion for mistrial which alleged that this statement was a comment on his right to remain silent. Nino also moved for judgment of acquittal on the sexual battery charge, arguing that there was no physical evidence of penetration, and that motion was denied. The court also denied Nino’s motion for judgment of acquittal on the kidnaping charge which asserted that any confinement or movement of the victim was “merely incidental” to the attempted sexual battery. Nino was convicted of kidnaping and attempted sexual battery.
Nino alleges error in the trial court’s denial on his motion for judgment of acquittal on the kidnaping count and his motion for mistrial on the detective’s statement, “he wouldn’t give me any further details.”
Subsection 787.01(l)(a)(2), Florida Statutes (1995), defines kidnaping as “forcibly, secretly, or by threat confining, abducting, or imprisoning another person against his will and without lawful authority, unth the intent to: 2. Commit or facilitate commission of any felony.” (Emphasis added).
We agree that a literal construction of the kidnaping statute could convert every forcible felony into kidnaping. To avoid this pitfall, in Faison v. State, 426 So. 2d 963, 965 (Fla.1988), the Florida Supreme Court established three requirements to determine if a movement or confinement “alleged to have been done to facilitate the commission of another crime” constitutes kidnaping.
[T]he resulting movement or confinement:
(a) Must not be slight, inconsequential and merely incidental to the other crime;
(b) Must not be of the kind inherent in the nature of the other crime; and
(c) Must have some significance independent of the other crime in that it makes the other crime substantially easier of commission or substantially lessens the risk of detection.
Faison, 426 So. 2d at 965. (emphasis added).
The facts of this case are very similar to those of Lamarca v. State, 515 So. 2d 309 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987), where the defendant moved the victim from the sink area to the last stall of the women’s restroom and attempted to commit sexual battery. In Lamarca, this court correctly upheld the trial court’s denial of judgment of acquittal on kidnaping because the movement of the victim satisfied the three requirements of Faison. Id.
Applying the Faison requirements to the facts of this case, we hold that there is sufficient evidence to justify the denial of Nino’s motion for judgment of acquittal. Nino used substantial force and violence to overcome the victim’s resistance and pull her into the restroom, as evidenced by her bruises. Furthermore, he continued to use force to hold the victim down to prevent escape and covered her mouth to prevent screaming. These actions cannot be considered slight, inconsequential, or incidental; taken as a whole the confinement is not of the kind inherent in the nature of the underlying attempted sexual battery; and the “movement and confinement” by moving the victim into the restroom made the attempted sexual battery substantially easier to commit, and significantly lessened the risk of detection.
A review of the record demonstrates overwhelming evidence of guilt. Therefore, as to Nino’s contention that the court erred in failing to grant a mistrial based on the detective’s testimony that Nino would not give him “any further details,” we find no reversible error. See State v. DiGuilio, 491 So. 2d 1129 (Fla.1986).
Affirmed.
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Carter v. State, 762 So. 2d 1024 (Fla. 3d DCA 2000)…assaulted her. The defendant then forced her into a nearby restroom and raped her again. See Faison, 426 So. 2d at 964. The court found that those facts sufficiently established the crime of kidnapping. See id. . Likewise similar are Nino v. State, 744 So. 2d 528 (Fla. 3d DCA 1999), where the defendant forced the victim from the hallway of a fast food restaurant into the. restroom where he sexually assaulted her, and Lamarca v. State, 515 So. 2d 309 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987), where the defendant entered the ladies…
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Patricio Nino v. State, 937 So. 2d 756 (Fla. 3d DCA 2006)…ntence pursuant to Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(a). We affirm. Defendant-appellant Nino was convicted of kidnapping and attempted sexual battery.1 This court affirmed, and the appeal became final on direct review in 1999. Nino v. State, 744 So. 2d 528 (Fla. 3d DCA), cause dismissed, 751 So. 2d 51 (Fla.1999). In 2000 the defendant was resen-tenced under Heggs v. State, 759 So. 2d 620 (Fla.2000), resulting in a sentence of 10.59 years on both counts. On this appeal from the denial his Rule 3.800(a…
Authorities Cited
- State v. DiGUILIO, 491 So. 2d 1129 (Fla. 1986)
- Faison v. State, 426 So. 2d 963 (Fla. 1983)
- Lamarca v. State, 515 So. 2d 309 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987)