ALAN P. STEPT AND EDYTHE E. EISENBERG, INDIVIDUALLY AND AS RESIDUARY BENEFICIARIES OF THE REVOCABLE LIVING TRUST CREATED BY SAMUEL STEPT AND CELIA STEPT, APPELLANTS,
v.
AUGUST C. PAOLI AND CHARLES E. PAOLI, JR., INDIVIDUALLY AND AS CO-PARTNERS, D/B/A PAOLI & PAOLI, APPELLEES

Fla. 4th DCA | 1997-12-03
No. 96-2111
STONE, C.J., and GROSS, J., concur.
701 So. 2d 1228 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1997)

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Synopsis

Beneficiaries of revocable living trusts sued the lawyers who drafted the trusts for negligence, claiming the inclusion of a general power of appointment language caused them to incur over $100,000 in federal estate taxes. The court affirmed the dismissal, holding that without an expressed intent in the trust documents to minimize taxes, beneficiaries cannot maintain a legal malpractice claim against the drafting attorneys.


Holding

The court held that beneficiaries cannot pursue a legal malpractice claim against trust-drafting attorneys absent an expressed intent in the trust documents to avoid or minimize taxes. The court rejected the argument that different rules apply to revocable living trusts versus traditional wills, finding no legal basis for such distinction.


Headnotes

[1] A legal malpractice claim against an attorney for drafting a trust document requires an allegation of the settlor's expressed intent to avoid or minimize taxes.

[2] The exception to the privity rule in legal malpractice claims involving will drafting does not extend to beneficiaries of revocable living trusts absent frustration of th…

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Key Quotes

“since the will creating the trust prepared by Shinholser did not contain the expressed intent of the testator to avoid or minimize taxes, the plaintiff had no cause of action for legal malpractice”

Establishes the foundational rule that expressed tax-minimization intent is necessary for malpractice claims in estate planning

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Facts & Procedural History

Samuel and Celia Stept created revocable living trusts in 1985, amended in 1986. Samuel died in 1991 and Celia died in 1994. Their children, Alan Step…

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Opinion of the Court
DAKAN, STEPHEN L., Associate Judge.

DAKAN, STEPHEN L., Associate Judge.

Appellants, Alan Stept and Edythe E. Ei-senberg, were the ultimate beneficiaries of revocable living trusts created by their parents. The trusts were executed in 1985 and amended in 1986. Appellants’ father, Samuel Stept, died in 1991. Appellants’ mother, Celia Stept, died in 1994.

Appellants filed a legal malpractice action against the Appellees, August C. Paoli and Charles E. Paoli, Jr., alleging that the lawyers were negligent by including language that created a general power of appointment in the surviving spouse over trust assets of the first spouse to die. Appellants alleged that as a result of this claimed negligence, they were required to pay federal estate taxes to the Internal Revenue Service of over $100,000.00.

The trial court dismissed Appellants’ complaint with prejudice, citing the Florida case of Kinney v. Shinholser, 663 So. 2d 643 (Fla. 5th DCA 1995). The court of appeals in that case cited Espinosa v. Sparber, Skevin, Shapo, Rosen and Heilbronner, 586 So. 2d 1221 (Fla. 3d DCA 1991), in holding that since the will creating the trust prepared by Shinhol-ser did not contain the expressed intent of the testator to avoid or minimize taxes, the plaintiff had no cause of action for legal malpractice against Shinholser. Appellants’ complaint does not allege, nor does the trust document attached contain, any expressed intent by either Samuel Stept or Celia Stept that taxes should be avoided or at least minimized.

Appellants seem to concede that the trust documents do not contain this language and seem to concede that Kinney v. Shinholser, supra, is a correct statement of Florida law on legal malpractice claims against lawyers who prepared wills and testamentary trusts.

Appellants argue, however, that since the trusts were revocable living trusts, the law stated in Kinney, Espinosa, and Angel, Cohen & Rogovin v. Oberon Inv., N.V., 512 So. 2d 192 (Fla.1987), does not apply. We find no legal support for that argument nor any other basis to make the requested distinction. Appellees did no legal work for Appellants. They are residuary beneficiaries of the trusts. The Supreme Court of Florida observed that although the rule of privity has been relaxed in will drafting instances, it is only relaxed to the extent that the testamentary intent expressed in the will is frustrated. Angel, Cohen & Rogovin, supra. Although the trusts in this ease were revocable living trusts, they were also part of the settlors’ estate plan. Like the Supreme Court of Florida, we see no reason to expand the limited privity exception and reject Appellants’ invitation to do so.

AFFIRMED.

STONE, C.J., and GROSS, J., concur.


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