CHARLES J. GILBERT, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 4th DCA | 1996-02-14
No. 94-2598
SHAHOOD, J., concurs., GLICKSTEIN, J., concurs specially with opinion.
667 So. 2d 969 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1996) Negative Treatment
Cited by 6 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

Gilbert appealed his habitual offender sentences on the grounds that they were imposed without compliance with Ashley v. State, which requires written notice and court confirmation of the defendant's awareness of habitualization consequences before accepting a plea. The Fourth District Court of Appeal agreed and reversed, remanding for resentencing without habitual offender status in one case and allowing plea withdrawal in the other.


Holding

Gilbert's habitual offender sentences must be reversed because the sentencing court failed to comply with Ashley requirements. In case 91-5798CF10, Gilbert must be resentenced without habitual offender status because no notice of intent to habitualize was filed. In case 91-6712CF10, although notice was filed, the court failed to inform him of the consequences, so he must be allowed to withdraw his plea and proceed to trial or enter a new plea agreement, per State v. Wilson.


Headnotes

[1] A defendant must receive written notice of the state's intent to seek habitual offender status and be informed of the reasonable consequences of habitualization prior to…

[2] A habitual offender sentence is invalid if the state failed to provide notice of its intent to habitualize in all cases for which the defendant is being sentenced as a ha…

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Key Quotes

“Pursuant to Ashley, in order to habitualize a defendant, prior to acceptance of a plea the defendant must be given written notice of the state's intent to habitualize and the trial court must confirm that the defendant is personally aware of the possibility and reasonable consequences of habitualization.”

Establishes the procedural requirements for habitual offender sentencing that must be met before accepting a guilty plea.

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Facts & Procedural History

In fall 1991, Gilbert pleaded guilty to burglary of a dwelling (case 91-6712CF10) and dealing in stolen property (case 91-5798CF10). The state filed a…

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Opinion of the Court
WARNER, Judge.

WARNER, Judge.

The appellant was granted leave to file a belated appeal and contends in that appeal that his habitual offender sentences were entered without compliance with Ashley v. State, 614 So. 2d 486 (Fla.1993). We agree and reverse.

In the fall of 1991, appellant proffered a plea of guilty to the court on the charges against him. At the time of the plea, the state had filed a notice of intent to seek habitual offender status for appellant in case no. 91-6712CF10 (burglary of a dwelling), but the state concedes it did not file a notice of intent to habitualize in case no. 91-5798CF10 (dealing in stolen property). The court accepted appellant’s pleas of guilty, but did not inform appellant of the reasonable consequences of habitualization. At the sentencing hearing the state pressed for habitual offender sentences in both cases, informing the trial court that it had filed written notices as to each case. The trial court sentenced appellant as a habitual offender in each case and entered concurrent sentences of 22 years in prison.

In September of 1993, appellant moved pro se for post-conviction relief, claiming that his trial counsel had failed to file an appeal on his behalf as he had requested. Rather than have the trial court conduct a hearing on the issue, the state agreed to a belated appeal, giving rise to the instant case.

Pursuant to Ashley, in order to ha-bitualize a defendant, prior to acceptance of a plea the defendant must be given written notice of the state’s intent to habitualize and the trial court must confirm that the defendant is personally aware of the possibility and reasonable consequences of habitualization. In the instant case, there was no notice of the state’s intent to seek habitual offender status in case no. 91-5798CF10 either prior to or at the plea hearing. Thus, on remand the defendant must be sentenced without habitual offender status in case no. 91-5798CF10.

As to case no. 91-6712CF10, while a written notice of intent to seek habitual of-' fender status was filed, the trial court failed to inform the appellant of the consequences of habitualization. In accordance with State v. Wilson, 658 So. 2d 521 (Fla.1995), we remand with instructions that appellant must be allowed to withdraw his plea and proceed to trial. Should he elect to enter into-a plea agreement, the court has discretion to impose a habitual offender sentence upon him once the requirements of Ashley are met.

Appellant has received the benefit of a change in law by not pursuing the timely appeal from his conviction and sentence. We apply the general rule that appellate courts decide the case in accordance with the law as it exists at the time of the appellate decision. Florida Patient’s Compensation Fund v. Von Stetina, 474 So. 2d 783 (Fla.1985). This rule has been applied to belated appeals. Evans v. State, 582 So. 2d 122 (Fla. 3d DCA 1991); Junco v. State, 510 So. 2d 909 (Fla. 3d DCA), rev. denied, 518 So. 2d 1276 (Fla.1987). While we question its propriety in cases of a belated appeal, especially one which is not brought until after the favorable case law change has been announced, we are bound by supreme court precedent. We also suggest that the time for bringing a claim for ineffectiveness based on trial counsel’s failure to appeal should be even more limited than a routine motion for ineffectiveness pursuant to Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.850. If a defendant asks trial counsel to appeal, the defendant can readily ascertain from the court clerk whether an appeal has been filed. It should not take two years to discover and bring to the court’s attention this dereliction of trial counsel’s duty. Moreover, a defendant should not be allowed to sit back and await a favorable change in the law before claiming a right to appeal, as the appellant did here.

Reversed and remanded for further proceedings.

SHAHOOD, J., concurs.

GLICKSTEIN, J., concurs specially with opinion.

Concurrence
GLICKSTEIN, Judge,

GLICKSTEIN, Judge,

concurring specially.

I agree with the majority on the merits of the case, but abstain from their expressed concerns as to the policy matters beyond the issues.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Williams v. State, 691 So. 2d 484 (Fla. 4th DCA 1997)
    …violation where the defendant has pled guilty or nolo contendere. See Carridine v. State, 680 So. 2d 1059 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996); Hyde v. State, 673 So. 2d 952 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996); Brown v. State, 670 So. 2d 1113 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996); Gilbert v. State, 667 So. 2d 969(Fla. 4th DCA 1996). However, to the extent that these decisions stand for such a proposition, we recede and adopt the procedure set forth in Rule 9.140(b) and section 924.06(3), Florida Statutes (1995). Even in matters involving alleged Ashley viol…
  • Carridine v. State, 680 So. 2d 1059 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996)
    …t case, because Appellant had no notice the state would seek to habitualize him prior to the acceptance of his plea, Wilson does not apply, and Ashley requires that Appellant be sentenced on remand without habitual offender status. Gilbert v. State, 667 So. 2d 969 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996) (reversing sentences following open pleas in two separate cases for Ashley violations; directing that defendant be permitted to withdraw his plea where defendant had prior notice of state’s intention to habitualize, but directing…
  • Pitts v. State, 679 So. 2d 346 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996)
    …he sentencing consequences of habitual offender status; it is not enough that defense counsel be informed of the state’s intent. Hyde v.State, 673 So. 2d 952 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996); Brown v. State, 670 So. 2d 1113 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996); Gilbert v. State, 667 So. 2d 969 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996). In Fountain v. State, 626 So. 2d 1119 (Fla. 4th DCA 1993), we held that a failure to comply with Ashley may be raised in a rule 3.850 motion. We reverse and remand for an evidentiary hearing or for attachment of record excerpt…

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