MARTIN C. MISKIN, APPELLANT,
v.
THE CITY OF FORT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA, A MUNICIPAL CORPORATION, APPELLEE
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The court held that a code enforcement lien, while not invalidated by the homestead exemption, is rendered unenforceable against homestead property.
[1] A lien created by a local code enforcement board order is not invalidated by the Florida Constitution's homestead exemption, but it is rendered unenforceable against home…
[2] The Florida Constitution's homestead exemption prohibits the forced sale of homestead property, but it does not invalidate the underlying debt or lien.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAppellant received a code violation notice and order, which the City recorded as a lien. Appellant filed a declaratory judgment action seeking to inva…
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GUNTHER, Chief Judge.
Appellant, Martin C. Misión, plaintiff below (Misión), appeals a final summary judgment entered in favor of the appellee, the City of Fort Lauderdale (the City). We affirm.
On September 19, 1991, Misión was issued a notice of violation by the City for two code violations pertaining to his homestead property located in Fort Lauderdale. Subsequently, the code enforcement board found in favor of the City and issued a final order requiring Misión to alleviate the problems by January 26, 1992, or be subject to a $150.00 fine per day each day the violations exist. Eventually, the City recorded the order as a lien in the public records pursuant to section 162.09, Florida Statutes (1993).
Thereafter, on January 13, 1994, Misión filed a declaratory judgment action seeking a court decree that the code violation order did not exist as a lien against his homestead property. The City then moved for summary judgment which the trial court granted finding
[the] City’s code enforcement board lien is not invalidated. However, pursuant to section 4, Article X, Florida Constitution, as long as Plaintiffs property maintains its homestead status and is not abandoned by Plaintiff or is not sold with the proceeds of such sale not being invested in another homestead property, [the] City may not foreclose its code enforcement board lien against Plaintiffs homestead property.
Chapter 162, Florida Statutes (1993), provides local code enforcement boards with the authority to “impose administrative fines and other noncriminal penalties to provide an equitable, expeditious, effective and inexpensive method of enforcing any codes and ordinances in force in counties and municipalities.” § 162.02, Fla.Stat. (1993). Specifically, section 162.09(3) provides:
A certified copy of an order imposing a fine may be recorded in the public record and thereafter shall constitute a lien against the land on which the violation exists and upon any other real or personal property owned by the violator. Upon petition to the circuit court, such order may be enforced in the same manner as a court judgment by the sheriffs of this state, including levy against the personal property, but such order shall not be deemed to be a court judgment except for enforcement purposes ... No hen created pursuant to the provisions of this part may be foreclosed on real property which is homestead under s. 4, Art. X of the State Constitution.
Article X, Section 4 of the Florida Constitution provides:
(a) There shall be exempt from forced sale under process of any court, and no judgment, decree or execution shall be a lien thereon, except for the payment of taxes and assessments thereon, obhgations contracted for the purchase, improvement or repair thereof, or obhgations contracted for house, field or other labor performed on the realty, the following property owned by a natural person:
(1) a homestead....
Initially, it must be noted that the instant hen was created pursuant to a code enforcement board order rather than pursuant to a “judgment, decree or execution” which are prohibited by the constitution. Art. X, § 4, Fla. Const. More importantly, contrary to Miskin’s assertion, the prohibition of the constitutional provision is a prohibition against the use of process to force sale of homestead property and does not invalidate the debt or hen. Milton v. Milton, 63 Fla. 533, 58 So. 718 (1912); Point East One Condominium Corp., Inc. v. Point East Developers, Inc., 348 So. 2d 32 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977); Daniels v. Katz, 237 So. 2d 58 (Fla. 3d DCA 1970). Thus, the constitutional prohibition takes priority over the debt or hen and renders the same unenforceable. Point East One Condominium Corp., Inc., 348 So. 2d at 36; Op.Att’y Gen.Fla. 85-26 (1985). The legislature recognized this fact in determining that an enforcement board order should not be considered a judgment except for enforcement proceedings. § 160.09(3), Fla.Stat. (1993). Accordingly, the mere recording of the order in the instant ease does not constitute a cloud upon Miskin’s homestead property. Demura v. County of Volusia, 618 So. 2d 754 (Fla. 5th DCA 1993). However, if Miskin’s property somehow lost its homestead status, the City would be able to enforce the order as a lien against the property. Id.
Accordingly, the trial court correctly determined that the Florida Constitution did not invalidate the lien created in the instant case but merely rendered the same unenforceable. As such, the summary judgment granted in favor of the City is affirmed.
AFFIRMED.
DELL and STEVENSON, JJ., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
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Robles v. Robles, 860 So. 2d 1014 (Fla. 3d DCA 2003)…th DCA 1993)(lien against homestead invalid whether or not forced sale is involved); Cannon v. Cannon, 254 B.R. 773 (Bankr.S.D.Fla.2000)(same); Prieto v. Eastern Nat. Bank, 719 So. 2d 1264 (Fla. 3d DCA 1998)(same); Miskin v. City of Fort Lauderdale, 661 So. 2d 415 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995)(same).…
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Town OF Lake Park v. Grimes, 963 So. 2d 940 (Fla. 4th DCA 2007)…ubject real property, and the net surplus funds, pursuant to Article X, Section 4, of the Florida Constitution, as constitutional prohibition takes priority over the debt or lien and renders the same unenforceable. Miskin v. City of Fort Lauderdale, 661 So. 2d 415 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995). At the hearing on the cross-motions for recovery of the surplus, the parties stipulated that the property was, in fact, the Grimeses’ homestead from March 29, 1985 until January 17, 2006, the date the property was transferred t…1 / 2
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Fong v. Town OF BAY Harbor Islands, 864 So. 2d 76 (Fla. 3d DCA 2003)…n. 3 (Fla. 3d DCA 2003) (citing Demura v. County of Volusia, 618 So. 2d 754 (Fla. 5th DCA 1993); Cannon v. Cannon, 254 B.R. 773 (Bankr.S.D.Fla.2000); Prieto v. Eastern Nat. Bank, 719 So. 2d 1264 (Fla. 3d DCA 1998); Miskin v. City of Fort Lauderdale, 661 So. 2d 415 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995)). If Fong were to sell the property, there would be no lien on the property then in the hands of the purchasers; rather, the proceeds from that sale could be reached by creditors such as the Town if Fong failed to invest these pr…
Previewing 3 of 7 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Milton v. Milton, 63 Fla. 533 (Fla. 1912)
- Point E. ONE Condo. Corp., Inc. v. Point E. Developers, Inc., 348 So. 2d 32 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977)
- Donald Earl Church v. State, 237 So. 2d 58 (Fla. 1st DCA 1970)
- J.R. v. State, 618 So. 2d 754 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993)