MAC ARTHUR WATTS, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 2d DCA | 1991-08-09
No. 88-01524
SCHEB, A.C.J., and THREADGILL, J., concur.
583 So. 2d 792 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1991) Positive Treatment
Cited by 2 cases

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Synopsis

Mac Arthur Watts was arrested for loitering and prowling, and during a pat-down search incident to that arrest, police found cocaine residue and drug paraphernalia. The appellate court reversed, holding that the arrest for loitering and prowling lacked the requisite articulable facts to justify the officer's stop, making the search incident to that arrest invalid.


Holding

The arrest for loitering and prowling was improper because it lacked the two elements required for such an arrest: (1) the individual must loiter or prowl in a place, time, or manner not usual for law-abiding individuals, and (2) the circumstances must warrant reasonable alarm or immediate concern for safety of persons or property. Here, Watts' proximity to the clubhouse was not supported by articulable facts that could reasonably warrant concern of unlawful entry, and any concern was based on pure speculation rather than independent criminal activity.


Headnotes

[1] A police officer's suspicion based solely on "eye contact" and general knowledge of past burglaries in the area, without any specific articulable facts suggesting present…

[2] An arrest for loitering and prowling requires that the individual's actions occur in a place, at a time, or in a manner not usual for law-abiding individuals, and that th…

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Key Quotes

“No circumstance here suggests that either of the two elements of a proper arrest for loitering and prowling is present. The individual must loiter or prowl in a place, at a time, or in a manner not usual for law-abiding individuals and the circumstances must warrant a reasonable alarm or immediate concern for the safety of persons or property in the vicinity.”

Establishes the two-element test required for a lawful loitering and prowling arrest

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Facts & Procedural History

A police officer observed Watts walking in a manner the officer found suspicious, apparently based on eye contact and the frequency of burglaries in t…

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Opinion of the Court
FRANK, Judge.

FRANK, Judge.

Mac Arthur Watts was charged with the possession of cocaine, possession of drug paraphernalia and loitering. He pleaded nolo contendere following the denial of his motion to suppress. The events giving rise to the crimes are summarized as follows:

One morning at about 10:30 a.m. a police officer observed Watts walking along a street in a manner the officer felt was suspicious. He saw Watts looking at his police car. The officer in turning his vehicle around lost sight of Watts. The officer then traveled the area and observed a person inside a school bus in a parking lot behind a Jaycee club house. Watts exited the bus upon command from the police officer. The officer asked Watts where he was going and what he was doing. Watts replied that he was going to the park. The officer then placed Watts under arrest for loitering and prowling and did a patdown search. He found a brass pipe containing cocaine residue in Watts’ pocket. Watts was subsequently charged with possession of paraphernalia, possession of cocaine, and loitering.

In the course of the suppression hearing, the police officer acknowledged that he merely became suspicious of Watts because of “eye contact” and the frequency of burglaries in the area. The police officer, however, was not aware of any burglaries that occurred that day. After traveling the area, the police officer saw the Jaycees’ school bus in a parking lot adjacent to a building owned by the Jaycees. Upon entering the parking lot, the police officer did not observe any criminal mischief, but he did see a person’s head “bobbing inside the school bus.” At that point, the police officer told whoever was in the bus to exit. Watts emerged. Some minutes later, the officer placed Watts under arrest for loitering and prowling. A pat-down produced a brass pipe containing a substance later determined to be cocaine residue. Subsequently, at the police station, Watts was again arrested for the possession of paraphernalia and cocaine.

Based upon the foregoing circumstances, and our recent opinion in Woody v. State, 581 So. 2d 966 (Fla. 2d DCA 1991), we are persuaded that the patdown and subsequent arrests were improper:

No circumstance here suggests that either of the two elements of a proper arrest for loitering and prowling is present. The individual must loiter or prowl in a place, at a time, or in a manner not usual for law-abiding individuals and the circumstances must warrant a reasonable alarm or immediate concern for the safety of persons or property in the vicinity, (citations omitted).

Id.

Here, not unlike the controlling considerations requiring reversal of the convictions in Woody, Watts’ proximity to the Jaycees’ club house “was not supported by any articulable facts which could reasonably warrant” a concern that he would unlawfully enter the structure. Any concern the police officer may have had at the moment when he detected Watts in the bus “was based on pure speculation; there was nothing to suggest any independent criminal activity afoot.” Id.

In sum, the search yielding the drug paraphernalia and the residue was incident to an invalid arrest.

We reverse the trial court and direct that Watts be discharged.

SCHEB, A.C.J., and THREADGILL, J., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Greyson Mills v. State, 58 So. 3d 936 (Fla. 2d DCA 2011)
    …use to arrest Mills for loitering and prowling. Because they did not observe Mills committing both elements of the crime, they could not provide an objective, articulable justification for arresting him. See Simms, 51 So. 3d at 1268; Watts v. State, 583 So. 2d 792 (Fla. 2d DCA 1991); Woody v. State, 581 So. 2d 966 (Fla. 2d DCA 1991). In Woody, a police officer on patrol at 6:40 p.m. noticed a group of several men congregating in a residential neighborhood known for drug activity. Upon seeing the officer in h…

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