AMERICAN NEIGHBORHOOD MORTGAGE ACCEPTANCE COMPANY LLC

v.

EDICK

This matter comes before the Court after sua sponte review of the Complaint (Doc. 1). The Court is “obligated to inquire into subject matter jurisdiction sua sponte whenever it may be lacking.” Univ. of S. Ala. v. Am. Tobacco Co., 168 F. 3d 405, 410 (11th Cir. 1999). Additionally, the Court can dismiss complaints which are considered “shotgun pleadings." Weiland v. Palm City Beach Cnty. Sherriff's Office, 792 F. 3d 1316, 1320 (11th Cir. 2015). Because Plaintiffs allegations of diversity jurisdiction are inadequate, and the complaint is a shotgun pleading, the Court dismisses without prejudice.

Plaintiff invokes the Court's diversity jurisdiction. (Doc. 1¶ 10). Federal courts have diversity jurisdiction over civil actions where there is complete diversity of citizenship between the parties and the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000, exclusive of interest and costs. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a).

Plaintiff's complaint incorrectly alleges the parties' citizenship. Plaintiff is a limited liability company. An LLC “is a citizen of any state of which a member of the company is a citizen.” Rolling Greens MHP, L.P. v. Comcast SCH Holdings L.L.C., 374 F. 3d 1020, 1022 (11th Cir. 2004). The “citizenship of LLCs often ends up looking like a factor tree that exponentially expands every time a member turns out to be another LLC, thereby restarting the process of identifying the members of that LLC.” Purchasing Power, LLC v. Bluestem Brands, Inc., 851 F. 3d 1218, 1220 (11th Cir. 2017). But when a member is a natural person, that member's citizenship is determined by where she is domiciled. See McCormick v. Aderholt, 293 F. 3d 1254, 1257 (11th Cir. 2002).

Plaintiff provides only that it is domiciled and headquartered in New Jersey. (Doc. 1 at 1, ¶ 2). Because Plaintiff is an LLC, this information is irrelevant to its citizenship (and wouldn't establish a corporation's citizenship, either). Plaintiff must provide the citizenship of its members.

Plaintiff gets the Defendants' citizenship wrong as well. The Defendants are natural persons, so their citizenship is determined by where they are domiciled. See McCormick, 293 F. 3d at 1257. Plaintiff only alleges where each Defendant resides. (Doc. 1¶¶ 4, 6, 8). But residence—without more—does not show domicile. See, e.g., Travaglio v. Am. Express Co., 735 F. 3d 1266, 1269 (11th Cir. 2013); McCormick, 293 F. 3d at 1257-58 (defining citizenship as a person's “domicile,” or “the place of his true, fixed, and permanent home and principal establishment . . . to which he has the intention of returning whenever he is absent therefrom[.]”). Plaintiff must properly allege the state in which each Defendant is a citizen.

Jurisdiction aside, the complaint is also deficient because it is a shotgun pleading. Federal Rule 8 requires “a short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2). Shotgun pleadings violate this rule "by fail[ing] . . . to give the defendant adequate notice of the claims against them and the grounds upon which each claim rests." Weiland, 792 F. 3d at 1321-23 (defining the four types of shotgun pleadings).

The complaint is a shotgun pleading because it contains “multiple counts where each count adopts the allegations of all preceding counts, causing each successive count to carry all that came before and the last count to be a combination of the entire complaint.” Id. All four counts state that Plaintiff "incorporates the preceding allegations as if fully stated below.” (Doc. 1 ¶¶ 51, 64, 74, 81).

In non-merits dismissals on shotgun pleading grounds, the Eleventh Circuit requires district courts to sua sponte allow a litigant one chance to remedy such deficiencies. See, e.g., Wagner v. First Horizon Pharm. Corp., 464 F. 3d 1273, 1280 (11th Cir. 2006). This is Plaintiffs chance.

Accordingly, it is now ORDERED:

1. The Complaint (Doc. 1) is DISMISSED without prejudice.
2. On or before February 17, 2025, Plaintiff must file an amended complaint consistent with this Order. Failure to comply could result in dismissal without further notice.

DONE and ORDERED in Fort Myers, Florida on February 3, 2025.

SHERI POLSTER CHAPPELL

UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE

Copies: All Parties of Record