LORENZO MITCHELL, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 4th DCA | 1988-03-30
No. 87-1176
HERSEY, C.J., and LETTS and GLICKSTEIN, JJ., concur.
522 So. 2d 1003 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1988) Caution
Cited by 4 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

Lorenzo Mitchell was charged with cocaine possession. After his motion to suppress evidence seized from his vehicle was denied, he pleaded nolo contendere while preserving his right to appeal the suppression ruling. The appellate court affirmed the denial of the suppression motion, holding that the officer's limited search of the vehicle console was justified under the reasonable-belief standard established in Michigan v. Long.


Holding

The trial court, adopting the reasonable-belief standard from Michigan v. Long, held that the officer did not need probable cause but only a reasonable belief based on specific and articulable facts that the suspect was dangerous and might gain immediate control of weapons. Under the totality of circumstances, the officer possessed the required reasonable belief, and the limited search of the console was permissible. Once the officer discovered the cocaine, he was authorized to seize it even though it was not a weapon.


Headnotes

[1] A police officer may search the passenger compartment of an automobile, limited to areas where a weapon may be placed or hidden, if the officer has a reasonable belief ba…

[2] The discovery of illicit drugs during a lawful search for weapons is permissible and the drugs may be seized.

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Key Quotes

“the search of the passenger compartment of a automobile, limited to those areas in which a weapon may be placed or hidden, is permissible if the police officer possesses a reasonable belief based on specific and articulable facts which together taken with the rational inferences from those facts, reasonably warrant the officer in believing that the suspect is dangerous and the suspect may gain immediate control of weapons.”

Establishes the legal standard for searching a vehicle without probable cause, derived from Michigan v. Long

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Facts & Procedural History

On November 7, 1986, at approximately 10:00 P.M., Officer pulled over Mitchell's van for traffic violations. As the officer approached the vehicle, he…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

Appellant was charged by information with possession of cocaine. When his motion to suppress physical evidence failed, he pleaded nolo contendere, specifically preserving the right to appeal the denial of the suppression motion, which the trial court held to be dispositive. His plea was accepted and he was placed on probation. This appeal followed.

We approve and adopt the trial court’s original order, the material parts of which read as follows: This action came before the Court upon the Defendant’s motion to suppress evidence seized from the Defendant’s automobile. The Court having heard the arguments and authorities of counsel finds as follows:

At approximately 10:00 P.M. on November 7,1986 the Defendant was pulled over for traffic violations. As the Defendant’s van was approached by the officer, the officer saw the Defendant place something in the console to the right of the driver’s seat as if he was trying to hide something down in the console. The officer had the Defendant step out of the vehicle and then he looked in the console area to make sure that there was not a weapon there. In doing so he found a cocaine rock in a small clear ziplock bag. The officer’s concern was that if the Defendant got back in the van that he would have access to a weapon if that was [what] had been placed in the console.

The motion to suppress claims that the officer lacked probable cause to search the vehicle.

I find that it is not necessary legally for the officer to have had probable cause. "... the search of the passenger compartment of a automobile, limited to those areas in which a weapon may be placed or hidden, is permissible if the police officer possesses a reasonable belief based on specific and articulable facts which together taken with the rational inferences from those facts, reasonably warrant the officer in believing that the suspect is dangerous and the suspect may gain immediate control of weapons.” Michigan v. Long, 463 U.S. 1032, 103 S.Ct. 3469 [77 L.Ed.2d 1201] (1984) [(1983)]. In Michigan v. Long after making a traffic stop the officer saw a knife on the floor board and saw something by the arm rest of the front seat. He lifted up the arm rest and discovered drugs while the defendant was standing outside of the car. The seizure of the drugs was held to be proper. I find that given the totality of the circumstances the officer in today’s case had the reasonable belief required in Michigan v. Long. In other words when considering all the circumstances and weighing the officer’s personal security against the privacy rights of the Defendant I find that the balance weighs in favor of allowing the police to conduct this particular search which was of a limited area and for a specific purpose.

Once the officer discovered the illicit drugs he was authorized to seize them even though they were not weapons. Michigan v. Long, Florida Statute 901.-151(5), Dunn v. State, 382 So. 2d 727 (Fla. 2 DCA 1980).

It is not important that the Defendant was outside of the car at the time the search was made since this was a traffic stop which meant that the Defendant was not going to be arrested and would be reentering the car. If there had been a gun or other weapon within reach then this would have made the driver (defendant) dangerous to the police officer. Michigan v. Long, Pennsylvania v. Mimms, 434 U.S. 106 [98 S.Ct. 330, 54 L.Ed.2d 331] (1977), State v. Brown, 395 So. 2d 1202 (Fla. 3d DCA (1971) [sic: 1981].

For these reasons I find that the Defendant’s motion to suppress is hereby denied.

See also, Cheatem v. State, 416 So. 2d 35 (Fla. 4th DCA 1982).

Accordingly, we affirm the order, but remand with direction that the printed subsequent form order actually being appealed properly reflect appellant’s plea to be nolo contendere.

HERSEY, C.J., and LETTS and GLICKSTEIN, JJ., concur.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • State v. Ruiz, 526 So. 2d 170 (Fla. 3d DCA 1988)
    …e, that the proximity of Ruiz to his vehicle during the course of the stop may well have justified a search of the car, even without his statement, under Michigan v. Long, 463 U.S. 1032, 103 S.Ct. 3469, 77 L.Ed.2d 1201 (1983). See Mitchell v. State, 522 So. 2d 1003 (Fla. 4th DCA 1988); State v. Chapel, 510 So. 2d 1138 (Fla. 2d DCA 1987); cf. Oregon v. Elstad, 470 U.S. 298, 105 S.Ct. 1285, 84 L.Ed.2d 222 (1985) (since Miranda is not constitutional rule, confession secured after Miranda violation not subject to…
  • Brewer v. State, 553 So. 2d 1382 (Fla. 5th DCA 1990)
    …everse. . Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966). . McNamara v. State, 357 So. 2d 410 (Fla.1978); In re Forfeiture of $62,200 in U.S. Currency, 531 So. 2d 352 (Fla. 1st DCA 1988). . See, however, Mitchell v. State, 522 So. 2d 1003 (Fla. 4th DCA 1988) (where officer made valid traffic stop and saw driver place something in console area by driver’s seat, it was proper for officer to look in console even after driver exited vehicle because, if weapon had been placed in console,…

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