CAMYNA, INC., N/K/A LUBARSKY ENTERPRISES, INC., A FLORIDA CORPORATION, AND ADAM J. LUBARSKY, APPELLANTS,
v.
HILLESTAD ENTERPRISES, INC., A FLORIDA CORPORATION, APPELLEE
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Defendants appealed a judgment on a promissory note, arguing that a security agreement should have been admitted via parol evidence to modify their liability. The court affirmed the trial court's judgment, holding that because the existence of the security agreement was not proven, the parol evidence rule did not apply and the trial court properly excluded evidence of its terms.
Parol evidence is admissible to establish whether an alleged contract actually exists or is valid, but the defendants failed to prove the security agreement's existence. Because the security agreement's existence was not established, the parol evidence rule did not apply to its terms, and the trial court properly refused to consider evidence of the alleged agreement's terms in adjudicating the promissory note claim.
[1] The parol evidence rule does not apply when the issue is the existence or validity of an alleged contract, rather than its terms.
[2] Extrinsic evidence is admissible to determine whether a written contract exists or is legally binding.
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“the issue is whether there was actually a written contract, not whether the contract correctly reflects the agreement of the parties. The parol evidence rule presupposes an action involving an existing valid contract — that is, a contract in force as a binding obligation. If the issue is as to the existence or validity of the alleged contract, the rule, by its very terms, has no application, and extrinsic evidence is admitted to determine that issue, whether such evidence tends to establish the validity or invalidity of the contract in question.”
Establishes the fundamental principle that the parol evidence rule does not apply when the existence of a contract itself is in dispute.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceDefendants executed a promissory note with plaintiff. Defendants claimed a security agreement was executed contemporaneously with the promissory note,…
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STONE, Judge.
The defendants appeal from a judgment based on a promissory note. The defense centered around the terms of a security agreement allegedly executed contemporaneously with the promissory note. However, an agreement was not located and the plaintiff contends that it never existed. The trial court refused to admit a blank standard form of a security agreement into evidence because the defendants failed to satisfy the court that it had ever been drafted or executed.
The issue framed on appeal by the defendants was whether the existence of the security agreement could be established by parol evidence. The record reveals that the trial court did consider all of the testimony and argument presented concerning the actual existence of a security agreement. Much of that evidence was conflicting and ambiguous.
Although there was evidence supporting the existence of the document, the trial court concluded that its existence had not been proven. That being the case, there was no error in the trial court’s failing to consider the evidence of the terms of the alleged security agreement in adjudicating the plaintiffs claim under the promissory note.
The parol evidence issue, as raised by appellants, is thus inapposite. In Deal Farms, Inc. v. Farm & Ranch Supply, Inc., 382 So. 2d 888 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980), the issue before the court was whether there was actually a written contract between the parties. The court stated:
Here, the issue is whether there was actually a written contract, not whether the contract correctly reflects the agreement of the parties. The parol evidence rule presupposes an action involving an existing valid contract — that is, a contract in force as a binding obligation. If the issue is as to the existence or validity of the alleged contract, the rule, by its very terms, has no application, and extrinsic evidence is admitted to determine that issue, whether such evidence tends to establish the validity or invalidity of the contract in question.
Id. at 890. See also Bleemer v. Keenan Motors, Inc., 367 So. 2d 1036 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979) (the rule which prohibits the introduction of parol evidence to vary a written instrument has no application where the legal existence or binding force of the instrument is in question).
The evidence lent itself to differing inferences. The appellant has failed to prove an abuse of discretion. Canakaris v. Canakaris, 382 So. 2d 1197 (Fla.1980). We should not substitute our judgment for that of the trial court by reweighing disputed testimony. Raheb v. Di Battisto, 483 So. 2d 475 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986). The judgment is, therefore, affirmed.
GUNTHER, J., concurs.
ANSTEAD, J., dissents with opinion.
ANSTEAD, Judge,
dissenting.
I believe the trial court erred in concluding that there was no security agreement involved in the commercial transaction litigated here. The evidence was overwhelming, indeed, uncontradicted, that a security agreement existed. The appellee’s witness expressly admitted the existence of a security agreement in his testimony and only denied having seen a signed copy of the agreement after the transaction was completed. In contrast to this, the purchase agreement specifically referred to the security agreement, the appellant Lubarsky expressly testified that he executed a security agreement and provided the terms thereof by identifying an identical agreement and, most telling of all, the appellee’s principal admitted that a security agreement was executed.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Authorities Cited
- Canakaris v. Canakaris, 382 So. 2d 1197 (Fla. 1980)
- Reya Raheb and Parvin Pahlevanian Raheb v. Di Battisto, 483 So. 2d 475 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986)
- Deal Farms, Inc. v. Farm & Ranch Supply, Inc., 382 So. 2d 888 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980)
- Bleemer v. Keenan Motors, Inc., 367 So. 2d 1036 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979)