JERRY LAKE AND BARBARA LAKE, PETITIONERS,
v.
THE HONORABLE CLAUDE R. EDWARDS, JUDGE OF THE CIRCUIT COURT OF ORANGE COUNTY, FLORIDA, RESPONDENT
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Petitioners sought a writ of prohibition to disqualify a trial judge in a civil proceeding. The judge denied the disqualification motion as legally insufficient and then addressed the merits of the allegations. The appellate court held that the judge exceeded his proper scope of inquiry by refuting the factual allegations, rather than merely determining legal sufficiency, and granted the writ of prohibition.
The trial judge exceeded his proper scope of inquiry by attempting to refute the allegations rather than merely determining the legal sufficiency of the motion. When a disqualification motion is legally sufficient, the judge must enter an order of disqualification and proceed no further, regardless of whether only a motion for new trial remains.
[1] A judge against whom a motion for disqualification is directed shall determine only the legal sufficiency of the motion and shall not pass on the truth of the facts alleg…
[2] If a motion to disqualify a judge is legally sufficient, the judge shall enter an order of disqualification and proceed no further in the action.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“The judge against whom the motion is directed shall determine only the legal sufficiency of the motion. The judge shall not pass on the truth of the facts alleged.”
Establishes the standard of review for judicial disqualification motions; judges cannot refute factual allegations.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAfter a verdict in a civil case, the judge made several statements about petitioners and their counsel: labeled petitioners' expert witness as "the mo…
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UPCHURCH, Chief Judge.
Petitioners seek a writ of prohibition to disqualify a trial judge from acting further in a civil proceeding. The Judge denied the motion to disqualify as being legally insufficient and then proceeded to answer petitioners’ allegations. The motion to disqualify complied with requirements of Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.432 and section 38.10, Florida Statutes (1985). Petitioners’ sworn motion indicated that they were convinced they would not receive a fair hearing on the pending matters and alleged:
(1) the judge, after a verdict and at the hearing on the motion to tax costs, labeled petitioners’ expert as evasive — the most evasive witness he has ever seen;
(2) at the same hearing, the judge stated petitioner Jerry Lake should share in the title of most evasive witness;
(3) the judge, after the hearing, indicated he was pleased he didn’t have to do any more of these ‘heart balm’ cases (wrongful death cases brought by parents of deceased infants) and that he could handle cases involving people with actual damages;
(4) the judge allegedly also said to counsel as he was leaving, ‘I am sorry I met you in this trial. I wish you had not filed it in my court.’
Section 38.10, Florida Statutes (1985) provides:
Whenever a party to any action or proceeding makes and files an affidavit stating that he fears he will not receive a fair trial in a court where the suit is pending on account of the prejudice of the judge of that court ... the judge shall proceed no further but another judge shall be designated.1 (emphasis added).
Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.432(d) provides:
The judge against whom the motion is directed shall determine only the legal sufficiency of the motion. The judge shall not pass on the truth of the facts alleged. If the motion is legally sufficient, the judge shall enter an order of disqualification and proceed no further in the action.
In his order on disqualification, the trial judge attempted to refute the allegations of the motion. This he cannot do; therefore, he exceeded the proper scope of his inquiry and on that basis established sufficient grounds for his disqualification. Bundy v. Rudd, 366 So. 2d 440 (Fla.1978); A.T.S. Melbourne, Inc. v. Jackson, 473 So. 2d 280 (Fla. 5th DCA 1985).
Respondent contends that the disqualification came too late because the only thing remaining was a motion for new trial. A motion for new trial, however, is something “further” and the rule clearly provides that the judge “shall proceed no further.” 2
WRIT OF PROHIBITION GRANTED.
DAUKSCH, J., concurs.
SHARP, J., dissents with opinion.
. The statute also provides: "Every such affidavit shall state the facts and the reasons for the belief that any such bias or prejudice exists and shall be accompanied by a certificate of counsel of record that such affidavit and application are made in good faith.”
. See Irwin v. Marko, 417 So. 2d 1108 (Fla. 4th DCA 1982) (where a writ of prohibition was granted to restrain a judge from hearing a motion for attorney’s fees after the cause had been voluntarily dismissed).
SHARP, Judge,
dissenting.
I would deny the petition for writ of prohibition because all that remained to be accomplished by the trial judge at the time the motion for disqualification was filed was a ruling on the petitioner's motion for new trial. In this case petitioner failed to affirmatively show that the grounds for new trial concerned any points not previously considered by the trial judge. Therefore, the errors described in the petition are matters properly reviewable on appeal. They cannot be ruled upon by a successor trial judge, should this one be disqualified. Boeing v. Merchant, 397 So. 2d 399 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981); review denied, 412 So. 2d 468 (Fla.1982); Groover v. Walker, 88 So. 2d 312 (Fla.1956).1
It appears to me the appointment of a new trial judge at this point in the proceedings is a useless act, and one which will not contribute to the final resolution of this cause. Better Construction, Inc. v. Camacho Enterprises, 311 So. 2d 766, 767 (Fla. 3rd DCA), cert. denied, 325 So. 2d 8 (Fla.1975). However, I agree with the majority that had an appeal been pursued and a new trial ordered by the appellate court, petitioner should have been permitted to seek to disqualify if retrial of the case was assigned to the same trial judge. See Sikes v. Seaboard Coast Lines Railroad Co., 429 So. 2d 1216 (Fla. 1st DCA), review denied, 440 So. 2d 353 (Fla.1983). At this point the petition to disqualify comes too late. See Fischer v. Knuck, 497 So. 2d 240 (Fla.1986).
. Consistent with this view is the majority’s reference to Irwin v. Marko, 417 So. 2d 1108 (Fla. 4th DCA 1982). In Irwin, the subsequent appointment of a successor judge to hear a motion for attorney’s fees was proper since attorney’s fees had not been previously considered at trial.
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Stimpson Computing Scale Co., Inc. v. The Honorable Francis X. Knuck, 508 So. 2d 482 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987)…1985); Layne v. Grossman, 430 So. 2d 525 (Fla. 3d DCA), rev. denied, 438 So. 2d 832 (Fla.1983). The truth of the allegations notwithstanding, once a judge exceeds the scope of inquiry required by Rule 1.432(d), recusal is mandated. Lake v. Edwards, 501 So. 2d 759 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987); Layne, 430 So. 2d at 526. The unorthodox manner in which the pending posttrial motions were handled also warrants comment. The record indicates that the issue of attorneys’ fees and costs was addressed at the start of the heari…
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Post-Newsweek Stations v. Honorable Robert P. Kaye, 585 So. 2d 430 (Fla. 3d DCA 1991)…40, 442 (Fla.1978); Fla.R.Crim.P. 3.230(d). See also Dickenson v. Parks, 104 Fla. 577, 140 So. 459 (1932); Suarez v. State, 95 Fla. 42, 115 So. 519 (1928); Theo. Hirsch Co. v. McDonald Furniture Co., 94 Fla. 185, 114 So. 517 (1927); Lake v. Edwards, 501 So. 2d 759 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987). Once a party has attested to a reasonable fear that a fair trial will not be received, a judge “has no right to pass upon the truth or falsity of the facts alleged therein”, and if the potential prejudice of a judge is “predicat…
Authorities Cited (11 total)
- Anne Marie Fischer v. Honorable Francis X. Knuck, 497 So. 2d 240 (Fla. 1986)
- THE Florida BAR v. Sanford Freed, 366 So. 2d 440 (Fla. 1978)
- Groover v. Walker, 88 So. 2d 312 (Fla. 1956)
- Sikes v. Seaboard Coast Line R.R. Co., 429 So. 2d 1216 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983)
- Better Constr., Inc. v. Camacho Enters., Inc., 311 So. 2d 766 (Fla. 3d DCA 1975)
- Babb v. State, 397 So. 2d 399 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981)
- Irwin v. The Honorable Paul M. Marko, III, 417 So. 2d 1108 (Fla. 4th DCA 1982)
- The Boeing Co. v. Jessee David Merchant and Flora Merchant, 397 So. 2d 399 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981)
- Buckels v. State, 325 So. 2d 8 (Fla. 1975)
- Camacho Enter., Inc. v. Better Constr., Inc., 325 So. 2d 8 (Fla. 1975)