CITY OF JACKSONVILLE, APPELLANT,
v.
HUGH F. CULVERHOUSE, AS TRUSTEE FOR THE SIMPSON R. WALKER TRUST, APPELLEE
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The City of Jacksonville appeals a circuit court injunction preventing enforcement of zoning restrictions on a 18-acre parcel. The court reversed, holding that the circuit court improperly substituted its judgment for the City Council's zoning decision without finding the denial was not fairly debatable or that it deprived the owner of all beneficial use.
The circuit court may not enjoin a zoning decision unless it finds that the denial was not fairly debatable or that the zoning deprives the owner of all beneficial use of the property. Evidence that alternative zoning would achieve the highest and best use of the property is insufficient to justify judicial substitution of judgment for the zoning authority.
[1] A circuit court may not substitute its judgment for that of a local zoning authority unless the question before the authority was not fairly debatable.
[2] Evidence that rezoning would achieve the highest and best use of a property is irrelevant to the determination of whether a zoning decision is fairly debatable.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Before a circuit court can substitute its judgment for that of a local zoning authority it must find that the question before the authority was not fairly debatable.”
Establishes the legal standard for judicial review of zoning decisions
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAppellee owned approximately 18 acres on Normandy Boulevard in Jacksonville, with the front portion zoned CN (commercial, neighborhood) and back porti…
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THOMPSON, Judge.
The City appeals a final judgment of the circuit court enjoining it from enforcing any zoning more restrictive than CG (commercial, general district) on a parcel of property on Normandy Boulevard in Jacksonville. The City argues that the rezoning sought by appellee, and denied by the City Council, was fairly debatable, and that the circuit court improperly substituted its judgment for that of the local zoning authority. We agree and reverse the final judgment.
The property in question consists of approximately 18 acres with a 1300 foot frontage on Normandy Boulevard. The. front portion is currently zoned CN (commercial, neighborhood) and the back portion is zoned OR (open rural). In August 1984 appellee filed an application seeking to have the entire 18 acres rezoned to CG. The application was duly reviewed by the City’s planning department and the Urban Affairs Committee which, after holding a public hearing, recommended denial. The City Council denied the application, and appellee filed suit in the circuit court seeking to enjoin the City from enforcing any zoning more restrictive than CG. After a hearing at which one expert testified for each side, the circuit court granted the injunction.
The order enjoining the City from enforcing its current zoning does not contain any findings that the denial of rezoning was not fairly debatable, or that it denied appellee all beneficial use of the property. Assuming the court accepted the testimony of appellee’s expert witness, the only basis for the granting of the injunction was that the current zoning is not the most appropriate for the property. Such a determination falls far short of a finding that the current zoning deprives appellee of all beneficial use and that the requested rezoning is not fairly debatable. Evidence that the highest and best use of a property would be achieved by rezoning is irrelevant. City of Jacksonville Beach v. Grubbs, 461 So. 2d 160 (Fla. 1st DCA), rev. denied 469 So. 2d 749 (Fla.1985). Before a circuit court can substitute its judgment for that of a local zoning authority it must find that the question before the authority was not fairly debatable. Nance v. Town of Indialantic, 419 So. 2d 1041 (Fla.1982); Town of Orange Park v. Pope, 459 So. 2d 418 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984). In the instant case there is no basis in the record or in the court’s findings to support the decision to enjoin the City’s denial of rezoning. The City’s decision should have been upheld under the fairly debatable standard of review.
Accordingly, the judgment is reversed and remanded to the circuit court with instructions to reinstate the order of the City Council denying appellee’s application for rezoning.
JOANOS and BARFIELD, JJ., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Authorities Cited
- Nance v. Town OF Indialantic, 419 So. 2d 1041 (Fla. 1982)
- City OF Jacksonville Beach v. Grubbs, 461 So. 2d 160 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984)
- Town OF Orange Park v. Pope, 459 So. 2d 418 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984)