KIMBERLYN POITIER, A MINOR, AND ESTER POITIER, APPELLANT,
v.
SCHOOL BOARD OF BROWARD COUNTY, A POLITICAL SUBDIVISION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 4th DCA | 1985-09-04
No. 84-2181
ANSTEAD and LETTS, JJ., concur.
475 So. 2d 1274 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1985) Positive Treatment
Cited by 4 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

A mother and daughter appealed a jury verdict against them in a slip-and-fall case on school grounds. The trial court excluded the mother's testimony about statements made by a school custodian regarding failure to post warning signs, and the appellate court reversed, holding that statements by employees made within the scope of their duties are admissible as admissions against their employer.


Holding

The court held that statements made by an employee of the school board within the scope of the employee's duties are admissible as admissions against the school board, regardless of whether the employee holds an official or executive position. The trial court erred in excluding the mother's testimony about the custodian's statements.


Headnotes

[1] A statement made by an employee of a party concerning a matter within the scope of their duties is admissible as an admission against the employer's interest.

[2] Identification of a declarant as an employee prima facie establishes the employment relationship for purposes of admitting their statement as an admission against interes…

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Key Quotes

“He who sets another person to do an act in his stead as agent is chargeable in substantive law by such acts as are done under that authority; so too, properly enough, admissions made by the agent in the course of exercising that authority have the same testimonial value to discredit the party's claim as if stated by the party himself.”

Establishes the foundational rule that an agent's admissions within the scope of authority are admissible against the principal, regardless of the agent's rank or position.

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Facts & Procedural History

The minor daughter slipped and fell in the school cafeteria while leaving school, injuring herself. She fell on water and her shirt became wet, and sh…

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Opinion of the Court
DOWNEY, Judge.

DOWNEY, Judge.

Appellants, mother and daughter, seek reversal of a final judgment entered upon a jury verdict in favor of appellee, school board.

The action arose out of a slip and fall incident involving the daughter while she was on school grounds owned by the school board. As the daughter was leaving school on the day in question, she walked through the cafeteria, slipped, fell, and injured herself. Although she testified she saw no dangerous condition as she approached the area involved, she knew there was water on the floor because she fell on her back and her shirt was wet after the fall. In addition, she saw a bucket nearby with a mop in it. The mother was called to the school immediately before the daughter was transported by ambulance to a hospital. She attempted to testify to her conversation with a school custodian but was prevented from doing so by appellee’s objection. Whereupon, appellant made a proffer of the evidence that showed that the mother had talked to a school custodian, who told her they failed to put up the ropes and signs generally used when cleaning the area; that they knew better — they knew they were supposed to have them up. Defense counsel objected on the grounds that this evidence was not admissible as an admission because the declarant was not an officer or executive of the defendant. The defendant contended that no matter who the declarant was it was not established that she spoke for the school board. The trial judge sustained the objection and excluded the evidence. That is the judicial error relied upon in this appeal.

The sole question for us to decide is whether the statement of an employee of the school board on a matter within the scope of his duties is admissible as an admission against the interests of his employer. We find no support in the jurisprudence of this state to support appellee’s position that only statements of officials or persons in authority are admissible as admissions against interest of the employer. In Myrick v. Lloyd, 158 Fla. 47, 27 So. 2d 615, 616 (1946), the Florida Supreme Court stated:

The best authority, to our mind, is found in Wigmore on Evidence, Yol. IV, Sec. 1078, page 119: “He who sets another person to do an act in his stead as agent is chargeable in substantive law by such acts as are done under that authority; so too, properly enough, admissions made by the agent in the course of exercising that authority have the same testimonial value to discredit the party’s claim as if stated by the party himself.”

That holding was followed in Montgomery Ward Company v. Rosenquist, 112 So. 2d 885 (Fla. 2d DCA 1959). The latter case also points out the split of authority nationally and Florida’s endorsement of the more liberal view stated above.

With regard to appellee’s contention that the proffer did not prove the statement was made by an employee of the school board, we would cite to Thee v. Manor Pines Convalescent Center, Inc., 235 So. 2d 64 (Fla. 4th DCA 1970). There, this court held that the witness’s identification of the declarant as an employee established that relationship prima facie and placed the burden of going forward and showing no agency upon the employer. While the proffer made here is no model, we believe it was sufficient to require ap- pellee to show that the alleged custodian was not an employee if that was the case.

Accordingly, we hold the trial court committed reversible error in not allowing the mother to testify to the statements of the custodian. Therefore, the judgment is reversed and the cause is remanded for a new trial.

REVERSED AND REMANDED.

ANSTEAD and LETTS, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Botte v. Pomeroy, 497 So. 2d 1275 (Fla. 4th DCA 1986)
    …ing the subject; (d) A statement by his agent or servant concerning a matter within the scope of the agency or employment thereof, made during the existence of the relationship. (Emphasis added.) See also Poitier v. School Board of Broward County, 475 So. 2d 1274 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985). Since retrial is necessary, we do not consider whether the appellant may have waived his right to appeal the court’s ruling on Gillo’s statements by failing to assert the correct basis for admissibility at trial. Botte also cla…
  • Fassberg v. Albertson's, Inc., 524 So. 2d 1091 (Fla. 4th DCA 1988)
    …PER CURIAM. We reverse and remand for a new trial on the authority of Botte v. Pomeroy, 497 So. 2d 1275 (Fla. 4th DCA 1986); Poitier v. School Board of Broward County, 475 So. 2d 1274 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985); and Thee v. Manor Pines Convalescent Center, Inc., 235 So. 2d 64 (Fla. 4th DCA 1970). ANSTEAD and DELL, JJ., concur. STONE, J., dissents with opinion.…

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