AKIN DISTRIBUTORS OF FLORIDA, INC., APPELLANT,
v.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, APPELLEE
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The court held that the information was not duplicitous and the evidence was not the product of an illegal search.
Appellant, a wholesale food distributor, was convicted of receiving adulterated food shipped in interstate commerce. Appellant contended the informati…
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PER CURIAM:
Akin, a wholesale food distributor, was convicted in a non-jury trial on all counts of a four-count information charging that appellant had received foods and allowed same to become adulterated within the meaning of Title 21 U.S.C. § 342(a) (3) and (4), after such foods had been shipped in interstate commerce, in violation of Title 21 U.S.C. § 331 (k).
Appellant’s first contention that the four counts of the information were duplicitous and that the district court should have sustained its motion to elect is without merit. The counts are not identical since each count involved a different food.1 United States v. Justin M. Schneider, Criminal No. 10170, E.D.Ky., December 31, 1959; United States v. Direct Sales Company, 252 F. 882 (W.D.N.Y.1918). See also United States v. Wiesenfeld Warehouse Co., 376 U.S. 86, 84 S.Ct. 559, 11 L.Ed.2d 536 (1964). Though duplicity was not at issue, the Supreme Court in Wiesenfeld reversed the trial court’s dismissal of an information similar to the one here.
Also, the fact that the evidence supporting the alleged adulteration of the food named in each count was different for each food further precludes a holding that the four counts were actually the same. Bins v. United States, 5 Cir. 1964, 331 F. 2d 390; Blockburger v. United States, 284 U.S. 299, 52 S.Ct. 180, 76 L.Ed. 306 (1932).
Appellant also maintains that the evidence was the product of an illegal entry and search. As to the entry, there is ample evidence to support the trial court’s determination that appellant’s agent had sufficient authority to permit it. See Golden Grain Macaroni Company, Inc. v. United States, 9 Cir. 1953, 209 F. 2d 166, for a similar determination. Likewise, it is undisputed that the agent’s consent to the search was given freely and voluntarily.
Affirmed.
. Count one concerned whole wheat flour; Count two, white flour; Count three, wheat germ meal; Count four, soya flour.
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United States v. Hale, 468 F.2d 435 (5th Cir. 1972)
Previewing 3 of 4 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Blockburger v. United States, 284 U.S. 299 (U.S. 1932)
- Bins v. United States, 331 F.2d 390 (5th Cir. 1964)
- United States v. Wiesenfeld Warehouse Co., 376 U.S. 86 (U.S. 1964)
- Golden Grain MacAroni Co., Inc. v. United States, 209 F.2d 166 (9th Cir. 1953)