INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL CENTERS, H. M. O., APPELLANT,
v.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, APPELLEE; ASOCIACION CUBANA, INC., H. M. O., D/B/A C. A. C. HEALTH PLAN, APPELLANT, V. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 1982-07-14
Nos. AG-443, AH-275 and AH-251
BOOTH and SHIVERS, JJ., concur.
417 So. 2d 734 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1982) Positive Treatment
Cited by 6 cases

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Synopsis

Two HMO bidders challenged the Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services' rejection of all bids in a request for proposal for prepaid health care services to refugees. The court reversed the denial of an administrative hearing, holding that even where an agency decides not to contract at all, disappointed bidders are entitled to a hearing to challenge the agency's policy decision.


Holding

The court held that IMC and CAC have standing as parties whose substantial interests were determined by the agency's decision, and they are entitled to an administrative hearing. Even where an agency decides not to contract, disappointed bidders may challenge the agency's policy decision and require the agency to defend and justify its discretionary action.


Headnotes

[1] A party whose substantial interests are determined by an agency's decision to reject all bids and withdraw a request for proposal has standing to seek an administrative h…

[2] An agency's decision to reject all bids and withdraw a request for proposal, even without an explicit reservation of the right to do so, may entitle disappointed bidders…

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Key Quotes

“[QUOTE REDACTED — failed verbatim audit (paraphrase, not verbatim). See original_text for the text as originally displayed.]”

Establishes that the right to a hearing exists independently of the right to compel contracting, rejecting HRS's primary defense.

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Facts & Procedural History

HRS issued a request for proposal for a single HMO contract to provide prepaid health care services to refugees in Dade County, explicitly stating it …

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Opinion of the Court
JO ANOS, Judge.

JO ANOS, Judge.

In this consolidated appeal, International Medical Centers, HMO, (IMC), and Asocia-ción Cubana, Inc., HMO, d/b/a C. A. C. Health Plan (CAC), challenge the Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services’ (HRS) denial of their requests for an administrative hearing pursuant to Section 120.57(1), Florida Statutes (1979). We reverse.

On June 12, 1981, HRS invited qualified Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) to submit a response to a request for proposal seeking bids for providing prepaid health care services to refugees in Dade County. The request unequivocally asserted, “It is the intent of the Department to utilize a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) qualified under Chapter 641, Part II as the provider of service for this group. Only one contract will be awarded.” The “Background” portion of the request contained a discussion of the fee-for-service provision of health care which was then being used and contrasted that method for providing health services with that of HMOs, noting in particular the cost savings which were expected to occur with the HMO contract.

Within the request for proposal, HRS set forth the criteria and procedures which would be used in selecting the winning bid. HRS did not include a provision reserving the right to reject all bids, a provision which had been in prior HRS invitations to bid. Four HMOs submitted bids, and those four bids were narrowed down to three possible winners under the terms of the proposal. Based on one interpretation of the criteria to be used, IMC would have been the winner and based on another interpretation of the criteria, CAC would have been the winner. After having narrowed down the bids, evaluated each of the three finalists, conducted site visits, and held final interviews by the secretary with each of the finalists, HRS announced that it was rejecting all bids and was withdrawing the request for proposal.

In the public announcement concerning the fact that all bids were being rejected, the Secretary of HRS stated that the Department did not believe it would be in the public’s best interest to award a contract for two reasons: they question the financial stability of the lowest bidders and they had reason to doubt the accuracy of certain claims made in some of the proposals. The statement further asserted that the “Department established and followed all appropriate procedures to insure a professional and ethical bid process, although certain bidders attempted to go around this process. This decision does not preclude future efforts by the Department to promote the HMO concept in Florida.” HRS announced that it would not, therefore, enter into a contract with an HMO but would pay on a fee-for-service basis to individual providers.

Both IMC and CAC requested an administrative hearing pursuant to Section 120.57 concerning HRS’ decision to reject all bids and to withdraw the request for proposal. HRS denied the requests and characterized them as attempts to compel HRS to contract with the petitioners. HRS asserted that its decision was distinguishable from the cases relied upon by the petitioners because in this case there was an agency decision not to contract at all, whereas in the cases relied upon, the agencies intended to go on with the contracting process and eventually award a bid. Since HRS contends that it cannot be compelled to contract with a private bidder where it has made a decision not to contract at all, HRS concluded that there was no reason to grant a hearing.

The first question to be addressed is that of standing. We have no difficulty in deciding that IMC and CAC were parties whose substantial interests were determined by the agency’s decision to reject all bids and to withdraw the RFP, holding as they did the first and second positions as successful bidders had the contract been awarded. Couch Construction Company, Inc. v. Department of Transportation, 361 So. 2d 172 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978); United States Service Industries-Florida v. State, Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, 385 So. 2d 1147 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980).

The second question to be addressed is whether IMC and CAC are entitled to an administrative hearing concerning HRS’s decision to reject all bids and to withdraw the request for proposal. We hold that they are.

Appellants urge, and we agree, that HRS has by its words and actions here established two incipient policies. The first is that it may reject all bids and cancel its request for proposal even if the request fails to explicitly reserve the right to do so.1 Secondly, HRS had announced its commitment to the HMO concept. When HRS rejected all bids and withdrew the RFP, the result was not that money would not be spent and health care would not be provided; it was that health care would be provided by way of the explicitly disfavored fee-for-service method. Thus, HRS’s actions constituted a deviation from the non-rule policy. The discontinuance of prior policy is the equivalent of the adoption of incipient policy. Florida Cities Water Company v. Florida Public Service Commission, 384 So. 2d 1280 (Fla.1980).

As stated in State, Department of Administration, Division of Personnel v. Harvey, 356 So. 2d 323, 326 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978):

To the extent Division policy is not incorporated in regularly adopted rules, the Division may be required by any disappointed applicant to defend its policy in a Section 120.57 proceeding where the Division will be required to present evidence and argument and to “expose and elucidate its reasons for discretionary action.”

HRS’s contention that since it cannot be compelled to contract with a private bidder where it has made a decision not to contract at all, there is no reason to grant a hearing, misses the point.2 Even if appellants do not have the right to compel HRS to contract, they do have a right under Chapter 120 to have a hearing wherein they have an opportunity to change the agency’s mind, Couch Construction Co., Inc. v. Department of Transportation, and to require HRS to defend its policy and give the basis for it. State, Department of Administration, etc. v. Harvey. This is particularly true where there are questions as to the integrity of the bidding process. Solar Energy Control, Inc. v. State of Florida, Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, 377 So. 2d 746 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980).

Accordingly, we reverse the order denying a request for an administrative hearing and remand for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. As for the contentions of IMC and CAC that this court should award the contract at issue to one of them, we decline to do so. Such a decision would be premature since the propriety of HRS’s actions in rejecting all bids and cancelling the RFP has yet to be considered on the merits.

REVERSED and REMANDED.

BOOTH and SHIVERS, JJ., concur. . HRS, in contrast with some other agencies, has not adopted a rule concerning the right to reject all bids. See, e.g., Rule 6C-18, 11, Florida Administrative Code (Board of Regents) and Rule 13A-1.02, Florida Administrative Code (Department of General Services).

. We do not here decide whether HRS can be compelled to enter into a contract. But see, Wood-Hopkins Contracting Co. v. Roger J. Au & Son, Inc., 354 So. 2d 446 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978). Nor do we here decide whether the award of a contract is the sole possible remedy. But see, Baxter's Asphalt & Concrete, Inc. v. Liberty County, 406 So. 2d 461 (Fla. 1st DCA 1981).


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Citator

Cited By

  • State v. Falls Chase Special Taxing Dist., 424 So. 2d 787 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982)
    …f the highest achievements of chapter 120 disciplines, and the courts have repeatedly required agencies to afford that opportunity. We did so most recently in International Medical Centers, H.M.O. v. Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, 417 So. 2d 734 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982). If judicial skepticism about the efficacy of chapter 120 processes is not at the root of the majority’s decision to jettison the exhaustion requirement, then the only possible purpose, in practical terms, must be to avoid throu…
  • State v. Ins. Servs. Off., 434 So. 2d 908 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983)
    …Environmental Regulation v. Fallschase Special Taxing District, 424 So. 2d 787 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982) (Smith, R., dissenting), pet. for rev. denied 436 So. 2d 98 (Fla.1983). International Medical Centers v. Dept. of Health and Rehabilitative Services, 417 So. 2d 734 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982); Rice v. Dept. of Health and Rehabilitative Services, 386 So. 2d 844 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980); Couch Construction Co. v. Dept. of Transportation, 361 So. 2d 172 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978); McDonald v. Dept. of Banking and Finance, supra; see…
  • State v. I.B. and D.B., 891 So. 2d 1168 (Fla. 1st DCA 2005)
    …e — and do not assert — a legal right3 to adopt T.T. But the Administrative Procedure Act does confer the right to “a hearing wherein they have an opportunity to change the agency’s mind.” Int’l Med. Ctrs., H.M.O. v. Dep’t of Health & Rehab. Servs., 417 So. 2d 734, 736-37 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982) (“HRS’s contention that since it cannot be compelled to contract ... there is no reason to grant a hearing, misses the point.”). The amended rule’s purported nullification of the right to a substantial interest hearing un…

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