KEIDRICK EWING, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 2008-10-07
No. 1D07-2457
WOLF and ROBERTS, JJ., concur.
996 So. 2d 871 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (2008) Positive Treatment
Cited by 3 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

The Florida First District Court of Appeal reversed and remanded a conviction because the trial court failed to conduct a Nelson hearing when the defendant specifically complained about his appointed counsel's incompetent representation before choosing self-representation. The court held that trial courts must inquire into a defendant's complaints about assigned counsel's performance before allowing self-representation under Faretta.


Holding

The trial court reversibly erred by failing to conduct a Nelson hearing. When a criminal defendant raises specific complaints about appointed counsel's performance, the trial court must inquire of both the defendant and counsel regarding those complaints before proceeding to determine the defendant's right to self-representation under Faretta. The error cannot be deemed harmless when the defendant asserts incompetent representation, the court fails to conduct the required inquiry, and the defendant then proceeds pro se.


Headnotes

[1] A trial court must conduct a hearing to inquire into specific complaints of ineffective assistance of counsel when raised by a defendant.

[2] A trial court's failure to conduct a Nelson hearing after a defendant raises specific complaints about counsel's performance constitutes reversible error.

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Key Quotes

“To properly determine whether a criminal defendant has adequately asserted a claim of incompetent representation, the trial court must make an inquiry of both the client and the counsel.”

Establishes the fundamental requirement for trial courts when defendants complain about assigned counsel

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Facts & Procedural History

Just before jury selection, Appellant complained that his appointed counsel failed to object to improper statements during a motion hearing, did not i…

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Opinion of the Court
THOMAS, J.

THOMAS, J.

Appellant asserts that the trial court reversibly erred in failing to grant a hearing pursuant to Nelson v. State, 274 So. 2d 256 (Fla. 4th DCA 1973). Because the trial court did not conduct a Nelson hearing after Appellant made specific complaints regarding counsel’s performance, we reverse and remand for a new trial.

Just before jury selection, Appellant complained that his appointed counsel failed to object to improper statements made during a motion hearing to exclude certain evidence. In addition, Appellant complained that counsel did not inform him of all the charges against him, was ill prepared, and was not doing an adequate job. Appellant stated that he thought he had no choice but to represent himself rather than accept counsel’s representation.

Although the trial court conducted the required hearing to determine Appellant’s right to self-representation under Faretta v. California, 422 U.S. 806, 95 S.Ct. 2525, 45 L.Ed.2d 562 (1975), the trial court did not question counsel regarding Appellant’s specific complaints of incompetent representation. The court discharged counsel, but had counsel remain during trial to provide assistance as stand-by counsel. Appellant represented himself throughout the trial with some assistance of stand-by counsel. The jury found Appellant guilty of all charges, and he was sentenced to life imprisonment as an habitual felony offender. Although the trial court correctly determined that Appellant had the capacity to choose self-representation and appointed stand-by counsel to provide assistance, Appellant stated he thought he had no choice but to represent himself in light of counsel’s allegedly deficient representation. When Appellant raised specific complaints regarding his counsel’s performance, the court was obligated to inquire of counsel regarding the complaints. Kearse v. State, 605 So. 2d 534, 537 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992).

To properly determine whether a criminal defendant has adequately asserted a claim of incompetent representation, the trial court must make an inquiry of both the client and the counsel. Davenport v. State, 596 So. 2d 92, 94 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992); Perkins v. State, 585 So. 2d 390, 392 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991), disapproved on other grounds by Heuss v. State, 687 So. 2d 823 (Fla.1996). While it is true that a criminal defendant is not entitled to the appointed counsel of his choice, he is entitled to an inquiry by the trial court when he asserts that appointed counsel is not providing competent assistance. If the trial court finds the defendant’s complaint is without merit, and the defendant insists he would rather represent himself than accept the representation of appointed counsel, the court then proceeds to the required inquiry under Faretta. Jones v. State, 658 So. 2d 122 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995).

When a criminal defendant informs the trial court that appointed counsel is providing incompetent representation, we encourage the State to advise the court to conduct the necessary inquiry. The State can greatly assist the court and provide a valuable public service by noting the relevant case law, thus potentially avoiding the necessity for a new trial. See Graves v. State, 642 So. 2d 142, 144 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994).

We reject the State’s assertion that the error was harmless where the defendant asserted a claim of incompetent representation, the trial court failed to conduct a Nelson hearing, and the defendant then proceeded to represent himself. See, e.g., Maxwell v. State, 892 So. 2d 1100 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004).

REVERSED and REMANDED.

WOLF and ROBERTS, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Nash v. State, 53 So. 3d 1208 (Fla. 2d DCA 2011)
    …sel other than asking whether she was ready for trial. “Without such an inquiry, the court could not, and did not, make the findings on the record which Nelson mandates.” Burgos v. State, 667 So. 2d 1030, 1032 (Fla. 2d DCA 1996); see Ewing v. State, 996 So. 2d 871, 872 (Fla. 1st DCA 2008) (“When Appellant raised specific complaints regarding his counsel’s performance, the court was obligated to inquire of counsel regarding the complaints.”). Moreover, given that Nash and his counsel continued to have irrecon…
  • Hoskins v. State (Fla. 1st DCA 2024)

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